Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search
When viewing a circular coin rotated in depth, it fills an elliptical region of the distal scene. For some, this appears to generate a two-fold experience, in which one sees the coin as simultaneously circular (in light of its 3D shape) and elliptical (in light of its 2D ‘perspectival shape’ or ‘p-s...
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Taylor & Francis
2023
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| author | Henke, Benjamin Weksler, Assaf |
| author_browse | Henke, Benjamin Weksler, Assaf |
| author_facet | Henke, Benjamin Weksler, Assaf |
| author_sort | Henke, Benjamin |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | When viewing a circular coin rotated in depth, it fills an elliptical region of the distal scene. For some, this appears to generate a two-fold experience, in which one sees the coin as simultaneously circular (in light of its 3D shape) and elliptical (in light of its 2D ‘perspectival shape’ or ‘p-shape’). An energetic philosophical debate asks whether the latter p-shapes are genuinely presented in perceptual experience (as ‘perspectivalists’ argue) or if, instead, this appearance is somehow derived or inferred from experience (as ‘anti-perspectivalists’ argue). This debate, however, has largely turned on introspection. In a recent study, Morales et al. (2020) aim to provide the first empirical test of this question. They asked subjects to find an elliptical coin seen face-on from a search array that also included a circular coin seen either face-on or at an angle. They found that subjects reacted more slowly when the distracting circle was seen at an angle, such that its p-shape matched that of the target ellipse. From this, they concluded that the similar p-shape between the ellipse and circle constituted a phenomenal similarity between the two, and thus that perspectivalism is true. We show that these results can also be explained by pre-attentive guidance by unconscious representations (in what follows, just “unconscious pre-attentive guidance”) and that this explanation is at least as plausible as one from phenomenal similarity. Thus, we conclude that the experiment does not support perspectivalism over anti-perspectivalism. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-122232 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis |
| publisherStr | Taylor & Francis |
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| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-1222322025-06-24T07:37:54Z Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search Henke, Benjamin Weksler, Assaf attention; higher-order theories of consciousness; inattentional blindness; masking; mental qualities; neurophenomenal structuralism; phenomenal content; unconscious mental states When viewing a circular coin rotated in depth, it fills an elliptical region of the distal scene. For some, this appears to generate a two-fold experience, in which one sees the coin as simultaneously circular (in light of its 3D shape) and elliptical (in light of its 2D ‘perspectival shape’ or ‘p-shape’). An energetic philosophical debate asks whether the latter p-shapes are genuinely presented in perceptual experience (as ‘perspectivalists’ argue) or if, instead, this appearance is somehow derived or inferred from experience (as ‘anti-perspectivalists’ argue). This debate, however, has largely turned on introspection. In a recent study, Morales et al. (2020) aim to provide the first empirical test of this question. They asked subjects to find an elliptical coin seen face-on from a search array that also included a circular coin seen either face-on or at an angle. They found that subjects reacted more slowly when the distracting circle was seen at an angle, such that its p-shape matched that of the target ellipse. From this, they concluded that the similar p-shape between the ellipse and circle constituted a phenomenal similarity between the two, and thus that perspectivalism is true. We show that these results can also be explained by pre-attentive guidance by unconscious representations (in what follows, just “unconscious pre-attentive guidance”) and that this explanation is at least as plausible as one from phenomenal similarity. Thus, we conclude that the experiment does not support perspectivalism over anti-perspectivalism. 2023-11-17T09:46:34Z 2023-11-17T09:46:34Z 2023-11-16T09:32:20Z 2024 chapter https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/85154 9781032529790 9781032529745 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/122232 eng open access image/jpeg image/jpeg image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/85154/1/9781003409526_10.4324_9781003409526-20.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/85154/1/9781003409526_10.4324_9781003409526-20.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/85154/1/9781003409526_10.4324_9781003409526-20.pdf Taylor & Francis Routledge 10.4324/ 9781003409526- 20 10.4324/ 9781003409526- 20 fa69b019-f4ee-4979-8d42-c6b6c476b5f0 Conscious and Unconscious Mentality Israel Science Foundation 7b594309-7322-4938-b810-989a6a6d4872 9781032529790 9781032529745 Routledge 19 open access |
| spellingShingle | attention; higher-order theories of consciousness; inattentional blindness; masking; mental qualities; neurophenomenal structuralism; phenomenal content; unconscious mental states Henke, Benjamin Weksler, Assaf Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title | Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title_full | Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title_fullStr | Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title_short | Chapter 16 (Un)conscious Perspectival Shape and Attention Guidance in Visual Search |
| title_sort | chapter 16 un conscious perspectival shape and attention guidance in visual search |
| topic | attention; higher-order theories of consciousness; inattentional blindness; masking; mental qualities; neurophenomenal structuralism; phenomenal content; unconscious mental states |
| topic_facet | attention; higher-order theories of consciousness; inattentional blindness; masking; mental qualities; neurophenomenal structuralism; phenomenal content; unconscious mental states |
| url | https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/85154 |
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