Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People
Despite the development of strong antibiotics, deaths from pneumonia are rapidly increasing due to population ageing. Since pneumonia deaths mainly affect older people, to overcome them, we should focus not only on pathogens, but also on host defense. Pathogens range from bacteria to viruses and unk...
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| Format: | Online |
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| Język: | angielski |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2024
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| Dostęp online: | ONIX_20240514_9783036598512_200 |
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| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Despite the development of strong antibiotics, deaths from pneumonia are rapidly increasing due to population ageing. Since pneumonia deaths mainly affect older people, to overcome them, we should focus not only on pathogens, but also on host defense. Pathogens range from bacteria to viruses and unknown, emerging infectious diseases. Host defense includes not only immune function, but also physical function and other physiological functions. Geriatric functional declines, such as sarcopenia, dysphagia, dystussia, and frailty, play pivotal roles in the development of pneumonia in older people. Therefore, in addition to pathogen-oriented therapy, function-oriented therapy emerges as the remedy for pneumonia in older people. Comprehensive approaches with a multidisciplinary team are also important. This Special Issue reveals the importance of skeletal muscle and interdisciplinary approaches in pneumonia in older people. Impaired pharyngeal sensitivity results in delays in triggering the swallowing reflex, which is the most serious problem caused by dysphagia. Ageing weakens pharyngeal sensitivity by affecting sensory receptors, the peripheral nervous system and microcirculation, resulting in altered detection, reduced sensory conduction and an abnormal efferent response. We believe that other ageing-related deteriorations in sensation are also involved in pneumonia in older people. The relationships between sensation impairment and pneumonia in older people thus become crucial topics for future research. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-137600 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-1376002024-05-14T13:42:12Z Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People Ebihara, Satoru Ebihara, Takae pneumonia healthcare-associated pneumonia epidemiology hospitalization Klebsiella pneumoniae gram-negative Portugal spinal cord injury systematic review incidence dysphagia aspiration screening water swallowing test Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability Gugging Swallowing Screen swallowing disorder diagnosis differential community-acquired pneumonia CAP frailty % predicted value forced vital capacity mortality muscle strength older people cohort study aspiration pneumonia pneumonia-related sarcopenia TRP agonist nutrition time-axis hospital admission length of stay readmission physical activity post-extubation maximum tongue pressure (MTP) oral intake rehabilitation elderly emergency patients swallowing impairment anaerobe anaerobic coverage antibiotic treatment forced vital capacity pneumonia mortality sarcopenia n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology::MKGW Psychopharmacology Despite the development of strong antibiotics, deaths from pneumonia are rapidly increasing due to population ageing. Since pneumonia deaths mainly affect older people, to overcome them, we should focus not only on pathogens, but also on host defense. Pathogens range from bacteria to viruses and unknown, emerging infectious diseases. Host defense includes not only immune function, but also physical function and other physiological functions. Geriatric functional declines, such as sarcopenia, dysphagia, dystussia, and frailty, play pivotal roles in the development of pneumonia in older people. Therefore, in addition to pathogen-oriented therapy, function-oriented therapy emerges as the remedy for pneumonia in older people. Comprehensive approaches with a multidisciplinary team are also important. This Special Issue reveals the importance of skeletal muscle and interdisciplinary approaches in pneumonia in older people. Impaired pharyngeal sensitivity results in delays in triggering the swallowing reflex, which is the most serious problem caused by dysphagia. Ageing weakens pharyngeal sensitivity by affecting sensory receptors, the peripheral nervous system and microcirculation, resulting in altered detection, reduced sensory conduction and an abnormal efferent response. We believe that other ageing-related deteriorations in sensation are also involved in pneumonia in older people. The relationships between sensation impairment and pneumonia in older people thus become crucial topics for future research. 2024-05-14T13:42:07Z 2024-05-14T13:42:07Z 2024 book ONIX_20240514_9783036598512_200 9783036598512 9783036598529 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/137600 eng application/octet-stream Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/8786 https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/8786 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-0365-9852-9 10.3390/books978-3-0365-9852-9 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783036598512 9783036598529 136 open access |
| spellingShingle | pneumonia healthcare-associated pneumonia epidemiology hospitalization Klebsiella pneumoniae gram-negative Portugal spinal cord injury systematic review incidence dysphagia aspiration screening water swallowing test Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability Gugging Swallowing Screen swallowing disorder diagnosis differential community-acquired pneumonia CAP frailty % predicted value forced vital capacity mortality muscle strength older people cohort study aspiration pneumonia pneumonia-related sarcopenia TRP agonist nutrition time-axis hospital admission length of stay readmission physical activity post-extubation maximum tongue pressure (MTP) oral intake rehabilitation elderly emergency patients swallowing impairment anaerobe anaerobic coverage antibiotic treatment forced vital capacity pneumonia mortality sarcopenia n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology::MKGW Psychopharmacology Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title | Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title_full | Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title_short | Recent Advances in Pneumonia in Older People |
| title_sort | recent advances in pneumonia in older people |
| topic | pneumonia healthcare-associated pneumonia epidemiology hospitalization Klebsiella pneumoniae gram-negative Portugal spinal cord injury systematic review incidence dysphagia aspiration screening water swallowing test Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability Gugging Swallowing Screen swallowing disorder diagnosis differential community-acquired pneumonia CAP frailty % predicted value forced vital capacity mortality muscle strength older people cohort study aspiration pneumonia pneumonia-related sarcopenia TRP agonist nutrition time-axis hospital admission length of stay readmission physical activity post-extubation maximum tongue pressure (MTP) oral intake rehabilitation elderly emergency patients swallowing impairment anaerobe anaerobic coverage antibiotic treatment forced vital capacity pneumonia mortality sarcopenia n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology::MKGW Psychopharmacology |
| topic_facet | pneumonia healthcare-associated pneumonia epidemiology hospitalization Klebsiella pneumoniae gram-negative Portugal spinal cord injury systematic review incidence dysphagia aspiration screening water swallowing test Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability Gugging Swallowing Screen swallowing disorder diagnosis differential community-acquired pneumonia CAP frailty % predicted value forced vital capacity mortality muscle strength older people cohort study aspiration pneumonia pneumonia-related sarcopenia TRP agonist nutrition time-axis hospital admission length of stay readmission physical activity post-extubation maximum tongue pressure (MTP) oral intake rehabilitation elderly emergency patients swallowing impairment anaerobe anaerobic coverage antibiotic treatment forced vital capacity pneumonia mortality sarcopenia n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology::MKGW Psychopharmacology |
| url | ONIX_20240514_9783036598512_200 |