Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic
Despite the ubiquitous use of Greek by the Christian church of the late antique Southern Levant, many Christians in the region also—or only—spoke Aramaic. Today, this dialect, known as Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA), is relatively sparsely attested in the form of regional inscriptions and, part...
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| Hōputu: | Online |
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Open Book Publishers
2025
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| Urunga tuihono: | https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/98911 |
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| _version_ | 1869515956739375104 |
|---|---|
| author | Phillips, Kim |
| author_browse | Phillips, Kim |
| author_facet | Phillips, Kim |
| author_sort | Phillips, Kim |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Despite the ubiquitous use of Greek by the Christian church of the late antique Southern Levant, many Christians in the region also—or only—spoke Aramaic. Today, this dialect, known as Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA), is relatively sparsely attested in the form of regional inscriptions and, particularly, in the form of vernacular translations of Greek biblical, liturgical and theological texts. These translations survive predominantly as undertexts within palimpsest manuscripts. Codex Climaci Rescriptus (CCR) is one of the most important palimpsest manuscript sources for the recovery of CPA texts. CCR was created around the tenth century; its superior text consists of Syriac translations of two theological works by John Climacus. This tenth century manuscript was manufactured using recycled parchment from at least eleven older, obsolete manuscripts whose texts had been scraped off in preparation for reuse. Two of these eleven manuscripts form the focus of the present study. The first—CCR II—was originally a manuscript of the Pauline Epistles in CPA translation; the second—CCR XI—was originally an Apostolos manuscript (i.e., it contained the Acts of the Apostles and the Catholic Epistles). Cutting-edge multispectral imaging technology has been brought to bear on CCR in the last decade, enabling more detailed and accurate reconstructions of its various undertexts. With the benefit of this technology, this study offers a detailed codicological introduction to each of CCR II and CCR XI, fresh editions of the undertexts themselves, as well as a commentary that begins to evaluate the ongoing significance of this manuscript for biblical and linguistic studies. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-153250 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Open Book Publishers |
| publisherStr | Open Book Publishers |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-1532502025-07-30T08:59:47Z Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic Phillips, Kim Byzantine Bible Manuscripts;Christian Palestinian Aramaic;Codex Climaci Rescriptus;Early Christian Texts;Aramaic Biblical Studies;Religious Manuscript Analysis thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination Despite the ubiquitous use of Greek by the Christian church of the late antique Southern Levant, many Christians in the region also—or only—spoke Aramaic. Today, this dialect, known as Christian Palestinian Aramaic (CPA), is relatively sparsely attested in the form of regional inscriptions and, particularly, in the form of vernacular translations of Greek biblical, liturgical and theological texts. These translations survive predominantly as undertexts within palimpsest manuscripts. Codex Climaci Rescriptus (CCR) is one of the most important palimpsest manuscript sources for the recovery of CPA texts. CCR was created around the tenth century; its superior text consists of Syriac translations of two theological works by John Climacus. This tenth century manuscript was manufactured using recycled parchment from at least eleven older, obsolete manuscripts whose texts had been scraped off in preparation for reuse. Two of these eleven manuscripts form the focus of the present study. The first—CCR II—was originally a manuscript of the Pauline Epistles in CPA translation; the second—CCR XI—was originally an Apostolos manuscript (i.e., it contained the Acts of the Apostles and the Catholic Epistles). Cutting-edge multispectral imaging technology has been brought to bear on CCR in the last decade, enabling more detailed and accurate reconstructions of its various undertexts. With the benefit of this technology, this study offers a detailed codicological introduction to each of CCR II and CCR XI, fresh editions of the undertexts themselves, as well as a commentary that begins to evaluate the ongoing significance of this manuscript for biblical and linguistic studies. 2025-02-27T04:07:54Z 2025-02-27T04:07:54Z 2025-02-24T14:01:20Z 2025 book https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/98911 9781805115403 9781805115410 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/153250 eng Semitic Languages and Cultures open access image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/98911/1/obp.0455.pdf Open Book Publishers 10.11647/OBP.0455 10.11647/OBP.0455 b014b543-78bd-4c3b-bc71-b68e2ac855b9 9781805115403 9781805115410 226 Cambridge open access |
| spellingShingle | Byzantine Bible Manuscripts;Christian Palestinian Aramaic;Codex Climaci Rescriptus;Early Christian Texts;Aramaic Biblical Studies;Religious Manuscript Analysis thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination Phillips, Kim Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title | Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title_full | Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title_fullStr | Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title_short | Two Early Byzantine Bible Manuscripts in Christian Palestinian Aramaic |
| title_sort | two early byzantine bible manuscripts in christian palestinian aramaic |
| topic | Byzantine Bible Manuscripts;Christian Palestinian Aramaic;Codex Climaci Rescriptus;Early Christian Texts;Aramaic Biblical Studies;Religious Manuscript Analysis thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination |
| topic_facet | Byzantine Bible Manuscripts;Christian Palestinian Aramaic;Codex Climaci Rescriptus;Early Christian Texts;Aramaic Biblical Studies;Religious Manuscript Analysis thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QB Historical states, empires, territories and regions::1QBC Historical states, empires, territories and regions: multi-continental::1QBCB Byzantine Empire thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings::QRMF1 Bibles thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1F Asia::1FB Middle East::1FBP Palestine thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2C Afro-Asiatic languages::2CS Semitic languages::2CSA Aramaic thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QR Religion and beliefs::QRM Christianity::QRMF Christianity: sacred texts and revered writings thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AK Design, Industrial and commercial arts, illustration::AKH Book design and Bookbinding::AKHM Manuscripts and illumination |
| url | https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/98911 |
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