Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’
In 2002 the Dutch police adopted the pepperspray as a non-lethal weapon to stop aggressive, knife-swinging persons and biting dogs. The topic of this article are its predecessors, the German so-called ‘Apparent Death’ (in German: Scheintod) peppergas pistols and revolvers. In the beginning of the 20...
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Amsterdam University Press
2025
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| Acesso em linha: | ONIX_20250318_9789048568499_5 |
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| _version_ | 1869525993692069888 |
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| author | Breukers, Jos |
| author_browse | Breukers, Jos |
| author_facet | Breukers, Jos |
| author_sort | Breukers, Jos |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | In 2002 the Dutch police adopted the pepperspray as a non-lethal weapon to stop aggressive, knife-swinging persons and biting dogs. The topic of this article are its predecessors, the German so-called ‘Apparent Death’ (in German: Scheintod) peppergas pistols and revolvers. In the beginning of the 20th century, a period in which many European governments started to impose anti-gun laws, these cheap and legally available pocketguns offered a non-lethal means of selfdefence, on the road and at home. Present in the collections of Korpora are five peppergas pistols, all originating from the collection of the Amsterdam Police Museum (1928-1968) which was opened to educate recruits of the city’s municipal police force. The German patent for the peppergas cartridge was registred in 1905 to Adolf Niemeyer in the city of Alfeld in the Harz region. Externally this cartridge resembles the centre-fire .410 shotgun shell. The three-barrelled, three-shot pistol was developed and registred in 1911 by the well known gunfactory of August Menz in Suhl. The barrel-block tips down and forward to load the gun. The simple single-shot pocket-pistols had a bayonet-locked removable barrel for reloading. Their manufacturers are largely unknown. Five-shot solid frame revolvers with a foldable trigger without triggerguard were manufactured as well. Both single-action revolvers and ‘Hammerless’-models with a double-action mechanism were made by various German and Belgian manufacturers. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-157540 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | dut |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Amsterdam University Press |
| publisherStr | Amsterdam University Press |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-1575402025-07-30T09:00:02Z Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ Breukers, Jos Peppergas Scheintod selfdefence pocketgun Germany thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues In 2002 the Dutch police adopted the pepperspray as a non-lethal weapon to stop aggressive, knife-swinging persons and biting dogs. The topic of this article are its predecessors, the German so-called ‘Apparent Death’ (in German: Scheintod) peppergas pistols and revolvers. In the beginning of the 20th century, a period in which many European governments started to impose anti-gun laws, these cheap and legally available pocketguns offered a non-lethal means of selfdefence, on the road and at home. Present in the collections of Korpora are five peppergas pistols, all originating from the collection of the Amsterdam Police Museum (1928-1968) which was opened to educate recruits of the city’s municipal police force. The German patent for the peppergas cartridge was registred in 1905 to Adolf Niemeyer in the city of Alfeld in the Harz region. Externally this cartridge resembles the centre-fire .410 shotgun shell. The three-barrelled, three-shot pistol was developed and registred in 1911 by the well known gunfactory of August Menz in Suhl. The barrel-block tips down and forward to load the gun. The simple single-shot pocket-pistols had a bayonet-locked removable barrel for reloading. Their manufacturers are largely unknown. Five-shot solid frame revolvers with a foldable trigger without triggerguard were manufactured as well. Both single-action revolvers and ‘Hammerless’-models with a double-action mechanism were made by various German and Belgian manufacturers. 2025-03-19T12:50:48Z 2025-03-19T12:50:48Z 2025-03-18T12:37:34Z 2025 chapter ONIX_20250318_9789048568499_5 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/100125 9789048568505 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/157540 dut open access image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/100125/1/9789048568505_ch4_Breukers.pdf Amsterdam University Press Veilig = Safe Veilig = Safe 10.5117/9789048568499_BREUKERS 10.5117/9789048568499_BREUKERS de2ecbe7-1037-4e96-8c3a-5a842d921e04 ad459926-11bd-41d1-a04e-8dfcd0aa40d3 57c98bf2-550c-449f-a749-4d6b1874a551 9789048568505 38 Amsterdam open access |
| spellingShingle | Peppergas Scheintod selfdefence pocketgun Germany thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues Breukers, Jos Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title | Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title_full | Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title_fullStr | Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title_short | Chapter ‘Nicht auf befreundete Personen schießen.’ |
| title_sort | chapter nicht auf befreundete personen schiessen |
| topic | Peppergas Scheintod selfdefence pocketgun Germany thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues |
| topic_facet | Peppergas Scheintod selfdefence pocketgun Germany thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1D Europe::1DD Western Europe::1DDN Netherlands thema EDItEUR::2 Language qualifiers::2A Indo-European languages::2AC Germanic and Scandinavian languages::2ACD Dutch thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues |
| url | ONIX_20250318_9789048568499_5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT breukersjos chapternichtaufbefreundetepersonenschießen |