Flowering and Flower Development in Plants
In the life cycle of plants, the phase transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is very important. Many species have evolved multiple ways to adapt to the environment and endogenous factors to regulate flowering. It is now known that plant flowering is mainly regulated by five main s...
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| Formato: | Online |
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| Idioma: | inglês |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2025
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| Acesso em linha: | ONIX_20250812T110751_9783725838011_188 |
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| description | In the life cycle of plants, the phase transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is very important. Many species have evolved multiple ways to adapt to the environment and endogenous factors to regulate flowering. It is now known that plant flowering is mainly regulated by five main signal pathways, namely, photoperiod, vernalization, age, autonomy, and gibberellin. In addition, it is also affected by some environmental factors such as drought stress, salt stress, cold stress, nutrient deficiency, heat damage, sugar budget, oxygen stress, and biotic stress. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of flowers determine the yield of crops and the quality of fruits. Flower development has been summarized as the ABC model and then extended to the ABCDE model. A large number of related genes have been cloned and functionally identified in annual plants and perennial plants. Over recent years, enormous scientific progress has been made to understand the molecular basis of flowering and flower development. However, flowering and flower development still need to be further explored for future crop breeding. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-165433 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-1654332025-08-12T09:30:52Z Flowering and Flower Development in Plants Zhang, Jinzhi Sadka, Avi Styrax japonicus enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence pear wizened bud cell wall loosening pectin degradation carbohydrate transport flowering induction conifers cone development MADS-box Pinus halepensis lemon paclobutrazol gibberellin flowering fruit quality Populus × euramericana ‘Zhonghuahongye’ anthocyanins transcriptome sequencing differential analysis Lagerstroemia speciosa MADS-box gene LsAG2 LsDEF1 flowering time flower development Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum flavonoid biosynthesis flower coloring metabolomic transcriptomic Paeonia suffruticosa cuticle thickness petal thickness vein density dry mass selective evolutionary pressure MIKC-type MADS-box genes Rosaceae plants gene evolution functional differences tree peony continuous flowering FT TFL FD abiotic stress drought temperature perennial plants n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences In the life cycle of plants, the phase transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is very important. Many species have evolved multiple ways to adapt to the environment and endogenous factors to regulate flowering. It is now known that plant flowering is mainly regulated by five main signal pathways, namely, photoperiod, vernalization, age, autonomy, and gibberellin. In addition, it is also affected by some environmental factors such as drought stress, salt stress, cold stress, nutrient deficiency, heat damage, sugar budget, oxygen stress, and biotic stress. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of flowers determine the yield of crops and the quality of fruits. Flower development has been summarized as the ABC model and then extended to the ABCDE model. A large number of related genes have been cloned and functionally identified in annual plants and perennial plants. Over recent years, enormous scientific progress has been made to understand the molecular basis of flowering and flower development. However, flowering and flower development still need to be further explored for future crop breeding. 2025-08-12T09:30:50Z 2025-08-12T09:30:50Z 2025 book ONIX_20250812T110751_9783725838011_188 9783725838011 9783725838028 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/165433 eng image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/10997 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-7258-3802-8 10.3390/books978-3-7258-3802-8 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783725838011 9783725838028 186 open access |
| spellingShingle | Styrax japonicus enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence pear wizened bud cell wall loosening pectin degradation carbohydrate transport flowering induction conifers cone development MADS-box Pinus halepensis lemon paclobutrazol gibberellin flowering fruit quality Populus × euramericana ‘Zhonghuahongye’ anthocyanins transcriptome sequencing differential analysis Lagerstroemia speciosa MADS-box gene LsAG2 LsDEF1 flowering time flower development Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum flavonoid biosynthesis flower coloring metabolomic transcriptomic Paeonia suffruticosa cuticle thickness petal thickness vein density dry mass selective evolutionary pressure MIKC-type MADS-box genes Rosaceae plants gene evolution functional differences tree peony continuous flowering FT TFL FD abiotic stress drought temperature perennial plants n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title | Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title_full | Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title_fullStr | Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title_short | Flowering and Flower Development in Plants |
| title_sort | flowering and flower development in plants |
| topic | Styrax japonicus enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence pear wizened bud cell wall loosening pectin degradation carbohydrate transport flowering induction conifers cone development MADS-box Pinus halepensis lemon paclobutrazol gibberellin flowering fruit quality Populus × euramericana ‘Zhonghuahongye’ anthocyanins transcriptome sequencing differential analysis Lagerstroemia speciosa MADS-box gene LsAG2 LsDEF1 flowering time flower development Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum flavonoid biosynthesis flower coloring metabolomic transcriptomic Paeonia suffruticosa cuticle thickness petal thickness vein density dry mass selective evolutionary pressure MIKC-type MADS-box genes Rosaceae plants gene evolution functional differences tree peony continuous flowering FT TFL FD abiotic stress drought temperature perennial plants n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| topic_facet | Styrax japonicus enzymes hormones minerals nutrients senescence pear wizened bud cell wall loosening pectin degradation carbohydrate transport flowering induction conifers cone development MADS-box Pinus halepensis lemon paclobutrazol gibberellin flowering fruit quality Populus × euramericana ‘Zhonghuahongye’ anthocyanins transcriptome sequencing differential analysis Lagerstroemia speciosa MADS-box gene LsAG2 LsDEF1 flowering time flower development Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum flavonoid biosynthesis flower coloring metabolomic transcriptomic Paeonia suffruticosa cuticle thickness petal thickness vein density dry mass selective evolutionary pressure MIKC-type MADS-box genes Rosaceae plants gene evolution functional differences tree peony continuous flowering FT TFL FD abiotic stress drought temperature perennial plants n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| url | ONIX_20250812T110751_9783725838011_188 |