Botschafter Europas
In 1923 Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, offspring of an aristocratic family in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, published the book Paneuropa which was soon translated into almost all important languages of the world. A movement was launched under the same name and soon became the synonym for all eff...
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Böhlau
2021
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| Առցանց հասանելիություն: | 1000521 |
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| _version_ | 1869524625139957760 |
|---|---|
| author | Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita |
| author_browse | Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita |
| author_facet | Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita |
| author_sort | Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | In 1923 Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, offspring of an aristocratic family in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, published the book Paneuropa which was soon translated into almost all important languages of the world. A movement was launched under the same name and soon became the synonym for all efforts concerning the creation of a united Europe in the interwar period and even beyond. The Count was convinced of the necessity to create Paneurope the main reasons being the danger of a second world war, Bolshevist Russia and the economic power of the United States of America. Since 1925 Paneurope Unions were founded in nearly every European capital; the headquarter were Vienna (Hofburg). But the movement failed in mobilizing the masses. Coudenhove who was the embodiment of Paneurope was only in contact with statesmen, industrial leaders and intellectuals. His great merit was the confrontation of European governments with the idea of a united Europe, the rising of European question. Despite of all his efforts European politicians were not able to realize the importance of "United States of Europe" in those days. Nationalism was too strong and there seemed to be no willingness to give up parts of the own sovereignity and to develop a better understanding for democracy.
The study presents a comprehensive view of the Paneuropean Movement during the interwar period including records of the Moskow Archive (captured material). It opens with a biographical sketch followed by the political program and how it was adapted to the political situation of those days; other main items are fund raising, financial organisation and propaganda. Also, there is an analysis of Paneurope in interaction with contemporary Austrian and European policies. Another chapter is dedicated to the ideas to unite Europe economically (since 1933) or on a cultural basis (saving the Abendland). The longitudinal views are completed by sectional views which focussed on the way how Coudenhove and his Paneurope Movement dealt with ideologies and mental streams of these days; They fought Bolshevism and since 1933 against National Socialism; they sympathized with Italian Fascism; Paneurope was anti-democratic and aristocratic.
Some of the aims were revolutionary but many people regarded them as utopian. In comparison with the European Union there are certain parallels between European Union and Paneurope. Today we can see Paneurope - with restrictions - as an avant-garde of the European Union. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-31109 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | ger |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Böhlau |
| publisherStr | Böhlau |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-311092023-09-14T09:36:32Z Botschafter Europas Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita Europa-Integrationsgeschichte Europäische Außenpolitik Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Geschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit Österreichische Außenpolitik Deutschland Frankreich Paneuropa-Union Völkerbund In 1923 Count Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, offspring of an aristocratic family in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, published the book Paneuropa which was soon translated into almost all important languages of the world. A movement was launched under the same name and soon became the synonym for all efforts concerning the creation of a united Europe in the interwar period and even beyond. The Count was convinced of the necessity to create Paneurope the main reasons being the danger of a second world war, Bolshevist Russia and the economic power of the United States of America. Since 1925 Paneurope Unions were founded in nearly every European capital; the headquarter were Vienna (Hofburg). But the movement failed in mobilizing the masses. Coudenhove who was the embodiment of Paneurope was only in contact with statesmen, industrial leaders and intellectuals. His great merit was the confrontation of European governments with the idea of a united Europe, the rising of European question. Despite of all his efforts European politicians were not able to realize the importance of "United States of Europe" in those days. Nationalism was too strong and there seemed to be no willingness to give up parts of the own sovereignity and to develop a better understanding for democracy. The study presents a comprehensive view of the Paneuropean Movement during the interwar period including records of the Moskow Archive (captured material). It opens with a biographical sketch followed by the political program and how it was adapted to the political situation of those days; other main items are fund raising, financial organisation and propaganda. Also, there is an analysis of Paneurope in interaction with contemporary Austrian and European policies. Another chapter is dedicated to the ideas to unite Europe economically (since 1933) or on a cultural basis (saving the Abendland). The longitudinal views are completed by sectional views which focussed on the way how Coudenhove and his Paneurope Movement dealt with ideologies and mental streams of these days; They fought Bolshevism and since 1933 against National Socialism; they sympathized with Italian Fascism; Paneurope was anti-democratic and aristocratic. Some of the aims were revolutionary but many people regarded them as utopian. In comparison with the European Union there are certain parallels between European Union and Paneurope. Today we can see Paneurope - with restrictions - as an avant-garde of the European Union. Im Jahr 1923 veröffentlichte der altösterreichische Graf Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi das Buch "Paneuropa", es wurde in fast alle Weltsprachen übersetzt und die gleichnamige Bewegung sollte alsbald das Synonym für sämtliche Europa-Vereinigungsbestrebungen in der Zwischenkriegszeit und darüber hinaus werden. Coudenhove sah in Paneuropa einen Weg, um einem weiteren Weltkrieg, der ideologischen Bedrohung durch die bolschewistische Sowjetunion und der großen amerikanischen Wirtschaftskonkurrenz entgegen zu treten. Ab 1925 entstanden in fast allen europäischen Hauptstädten sog. Paneuropa-Unionen, das Zentralbüro befand sich in der Wiener Hofburg. Paneuropa wurde nie eine Massenbewegung, Coudenhove, mit dem die Bewegung stieg und fiel, blieb auf der elitären Ebene der Politiker, Wirtschaftsfachmänner und Intellektuellen. Es war sein Verdienst, die europäischen Regierungen erstmals mit der Europafrage konfrontiert zu haben, wenngleich die damaligen Politiker nicht in der Lage waren, die Vereinigung des europäischen Kontinents zu bewerkstelligen. Zu stark waren die Staaten an ihre eigene Nation gefesselt sowie am Unvermögen, Souveränität in Teilbereichen aufzugeben und mit der Demokratie umzugehen. In dieser Arbeit wird unter erstmaliger Berücksichtigung des Moskauer Archivbestandes (Beuteakten aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg) eine gesamtheitliche Darstellung der Paneuropa-Bewegung in der Zwischenkriegszeit geboten. Zunächst wird der Gründer der Paneuropa-Bewegung biografisch dargestellt; unmittelbar vor dem chronologischen Abriss der Paneuropa-Bewegung erfolgt die Analyse des Paneuropa-Programms und dessen Anpassung an die damaligen politischen Verhältnisse; die Erörterung organisatorischer Fragen wie bspw. die Finanzierung und propagandistischer Themen ergänzen diesen Schwerpunkt. Im Anschluss wird Paneuropa, in die europäische aber auch österreichische Politik der damaligen Zeit eingebunden, dargestellt; Schließlich erfolgt die Darstellung des Versuches ab 1933, Paneuropa wirtschaftlich bzw. gegen Ende der Bewegung kulturell zu vereinigen (Rettung des Abendlandes). Der Längsschnittdarstellung folgt die Querschnittdarstellung, nämlich über den Umgang Paneuropas bzw. Coudenhoves mit den Ideologien und geistigen Strömungen der damaligen Zeit. Im Vergleich zwischen Paneuropa und Europäischer Union findet man einige Parallelen, sodass man - - mit Einschränkungen - durchaus Paneuropa als Avantgarde für die Europäische Union bezeichnen kann. 2021-02-10T12:58:18Z 2018-09-15 23:55 2019-05-11 03:00:56 2020-04-01T12:27:20Z 2004 book 1000521 OCN: 1147278328 http://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/29415 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/31109 ger open access image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/29415/3205772122.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y Böhlau 60c33ffb-e09b-4a97-9670-913636ebfa7e 26ae1657-c58f-4f1d-a392-585ee75c293e 353a2805-1667-4431-afe2-931e13def799 Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 592 Seiten D 3548 Austrian Science Fund FWF Austrian Science Fund 10.13039/501100002428 open access |
| spellingShingle | Europa-Integrationsgeschichte Europäische Außenpolitik Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Geschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit Österreichische Außenpolitik Deutschland Frankreich Paneuropa-Union Völkerbund Ziegerhofer-Prettenthaler, Anita Botschafter Europas |
| title | Botschafter Europas |
| title_full | Botschafter Europas |
| title_fullStr | Botschafter Europas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Botschafter Europas |
| title_short | Botschafter Europas |
| title_sort | botschafter europas |
| topic | Europa-Integrationsgeschichte Europäische Außenpolitik Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Geschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit Österreichische Außenpolitik Deutschland Frankreich Paneuropa-Union Völkerbund |
| topic_facet | Europa-Integrationsgeschichte Europäische Außenpolitik Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte Geschichte der Zwischenkriegszeit Österreichische Außenpolitik Deutschland Frankreich Paneuropa-Union Völkerbund |
| url | 1000521 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ziegerhoferprettenthaleranita botschaftereuropas |