The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition
Cardiovascular diseases pose an enormous clinical challenge, remaining the most common cause of death in the world. ß-adrenoceptors play an important role on cardiac, vascular and/or endothelial function at a cellular level with relevant applications in several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart...
Wedi'i Gadw mewn:
| Prif Awdur: | |
|---|---|
| Fformat: | Online |
| Iaith: | Saesneg |
| Cyhoeddwyd: |
Frontiers Media SA
2021
|
| Pynciau: | |
| Mynediad Ar-lein: | 18838 |
| Tagiau: |
Dim Tagiau, Byddwch y cyntaf i dagio'r cofnod hwn!
|
| _version_ | 1869514413909737472 |
|---|---|
| author | Giuseppe Rengo |
| author_browse | Giuseppe Rengo |
| author_facet | Giuseppe Rengo |
| author_sort | Giuseppe Rengo |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Cardiovascular diseases pose an enormous clinical challenge, remaining the most common cause of death in the world. ß-adrenoceptors play an important role on cardiac, vascular and/or endothelial function at a cellular level with relevant applications in several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and hypertension. G protein– coupled receptors (GPCRs), including ß-adrenergic receptors, constitute the most ubiquitous superfamily of plasma membrane receptors and represent the single most important type of therapeutic drug target. Sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, which characterizes several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and hypertension, as well as physiological ageing, has been proved to exert in the long-term detrimental effects in a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Acutely, sympathetic hyperactivity represents the response to an insult to the myocardium, aiming to compensate for decreased cardiac output. This process involves the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors by catecholamine with consequent heart rate and cardiac contractility increase. However, long-term exposure of the heart to elevated norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, originating from sympathetic nerve endings and chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland, results in further progressive deterioration in cardiac structure and function. At the molecular level, sustained sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity is responsible for several alterations including altered beta-adrenergic receptor signaling and function (down-regulation/ desensitization). Moreover, the detrimental effects of catecholamine affect also the function of different cell types including, but not limited to, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Thus, the success of beta-blocker therapy is due, at least in part, to the protection of the heart and the vasculature from the noxious effects of augmented catecholamine levels. The research topic aimed to support the progress towards understanding the role of sympathetic nervous system under physiological conditions, and the contribution of its hyperactivity in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-40170 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-401702024-03-31T22:45:04Z The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition Giuseppe Rengo QP1-981 Q1-390 GRK2 Beta-adrenoceptors exercise training Heart Failure Sympathetic Nervous System beta-blockers functional recovery thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology Cardiovascular diseases pose an enormous clinical challenge, remaining the most common cause of death in the world. ß-adrenoceptors play an important role on cardiac, vascular and/or endothelial function at a cellular level with relevant applications in several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and hypertension. G protein– coupled receptors (GPCRs), including ß-adrenergic receptors, constitute the most ubiquitous superfamily of plasma membrane receptors and represent the single most important type of therapeutic drug target. Sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity, which characterizes several cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure and hypertension, as well as physiological ageing, has been proved to exert in the long-term detrimental effects in a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Acutely, sympathetic hyperactivity represents the response to an insult to the myocardium, aiming to compensate for decreased cardiac output. This process involves the activation of beta-adrenergic receptors by catecholamine with consequent heart rate and cardiac contractility increase. However, long-term exposure of the heart to elevated norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, originating from sympathetic nerve endings and chromaffin cells of the adrenal gland, results in further progressive deterioration in cardiac structure and function. At the molecular level, sustained sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity is responsible for several alterations including altered beta-adrenergic receptor signaling and function (down-regulation/ desensitization). Moreover, the detrimental effects of catecholamine affect also the function of different cell types including, but not limited to, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Thus, the success of beta-blocker therapy is due, at least in part, to the protection of the heart and the vasculature from the noxious effects of augmented catecholamine levels. The research topic aimed to support the progress towards understanding the role of sympathetic nervous system under physiological conditions, and the contribution of its hyperactivity in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. 2021-02-11T07:45:18Z 2021-02-11T07:45:18Z 2016-04-07 11:22:02 2015 book 18838 16648714 9782889197316 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/40170 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/The_Adrenergic_System_in_Cardiovascular_Physiology_and_Pathophysiology_2nd_Edition/750#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/1532/the-adrenergic-system-in-cardiovascular-physiology-and-pathophysiology Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88919-731-6 10.3389/978-2-88919-731-6 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889197316 78 open access |
| spellingShingle | QP1-981 Q1-390 GRK2 Beta-adrenoceptors exercise training Heart Failure Sympathetic Nervous System beta-blockers functional recovery thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology Giuseppe Rengo The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title | The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title_full | The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title_fullStr | The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title_short | The Adrenergic System in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, 2nd Edition |
| title_sort | adrenergic system in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology 2nd edition |
| topic | QP1-981 Q1-390 GRK2 Beta-adrenoceptors exercise training Heart Failure Sympathetic Nervous System beta-blockers functional recovery thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| topic_facet | QP1-981 Q1-390 GRK2 Beta-adrenoceptors exercise training Heart Failure Sympathetic Nervous System beta-blockers functional recovery thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| url | 18838 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giusepperengo theadrenergicsystemincardiovascularphysiologyandpathophysiology2ndedition AT giusepperengo adrenergicsystemincardiovascularphysiologyandpathophysiology2ndedition |