Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals
Lignocellulosic biomass has great potentials as an alternative feedstock for fuels and chemicals. For effective utilization of biomass, biomass recalcitrance, which is inherent resistance of plant cell walls to biological deconstruction, needs to be reduced. Among many factors in biomass, lignin is...
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| অনলাইন ব্যবহার করুন: | 32075 |
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| _version_ | 1869528679350009856 |
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| author | Arthur J. Ragauskas Chang Geun Yoo |
| author_browse | Arthur J. Ragauskas Chang Geun Yoo |
| author_facet | Arthur J. Ragauskas Chang Geun Yoo |
| author_sort | Arthur J. Ragauskas |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Lignocellulosic biomass has great potentials as an alternative feedstock for fuels and chemicals. For effective utilization of biomass, biomass recalcitrance, which is inherent resistance of plant cell walls to biological deconstruction, needs to be reduced. Among many factors in biomass, lignin is significantly related to biomass recalcitrance. Lignin, a complex aromatic polymer, is the largest non-carbohydrate component (15-40% dry weight) in most terrestrial plants. In nature, it provides a structural integrity, facilitates water and nutrient transport, and protects plants from microbial attack. From a different angle, lignin significantly contributes to biomass recalcitrance, so it is necessary to reduce and/or modify the lignin for effective conversion of biomass. Genetic modifications of the lignin biosynthetic pathway and lignin-targeting pretreatments have been developed to minimize the lignin-induced biomass recalcitrance. High carbon content of lignin also renders it an attractive feedstock for many applications. About 100,000 to 200,000 tons of lignin can be generated per year as a byproduct from cellulosic ethanol production, so valorization of these lignins could be one of keys for achieving economic biorefinery. However, investigations of lignin conversion have not been accomplished as the utilization of carbohydrates in biomass. Depolymerization of lignin is still challenging because of its broad distribution of bond strengths, recondensation of low-molecular species, and poor product selectivity. Diverse biological and thermochemical depolymerization methods have been investigated to overcome these barriers. In this Research Topic, recent advancements in biomass recalcitrance by effective utilization of lignin are introduced. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-40223 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-402232024-04-11T15:10:33Z Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals Arthur J. Ragauskas Chang Geun Yoo TA1-2040 TP248.13-248.65 materials Biofuels characterization biorefining Bio-derived Chemicals thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology Lignocellulosic biomass has great potentials as an alternative feedstock for fuels and chemicals. For effective utilization of biomass, biomass recalcitrance, which is inherent resistance of plant cell walls to biological deconstruction, needs to be reduced. Among many factors in biomass, lignin is significantly related to biomass recalcitrance. Lignin, a complex aromatic polymer, is the largest non-carbohydrate component (15-40% dry weight) in most terrestrial plants. In nature, it provides a structural integrity, facilitates water and nutrient transport, and protects plants from microbial attack. From a different angle, lignin significantly contributes to biomass recalcitrance, so it is necessary to reduce and/or modify the lignin for effective conversion of biomass. Genetic modifications of the lignin biosynthetic pathway and lignin-targeting pretreatments have been developed to minimize the lignin-induced biomass recalcitrance. High carbon content of lignin also renders it an attractive feedstock for many applications. About 100,000 to 200,000 tons of lignin can be generated per year as a byproduct from cellulosic ethanol production, so valorization of these lignins could be one of keys for achieving economic biorefinery. However, investigations of lignin conversion have not been accomplished as the utilization of carbohydrates in biomass. Depolymerization of lignin is still challenging because of its broad distribution of bond strengths, recondensation of low-molecular species, and poor product selectivity. Diverse biological and thermochemical depolymerization methods have been investigated to overcome these barriers. In this Research Topic, recent advancements in biomass recalcitrance by effective utilization of lignin are introduced. 2021-02-11T07:46:26Z 2021-02-11T07:46:26Z 2019-01-23 14:53:43 2019 book 32075 16648714 9782889457069 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/40223 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/5789/advancements-in-biomass-recalcitrance-the-use-of-lignin-for-the-production-of-fuels-and-chemicals Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-706-9 10.3389/978-2-88945-706-9 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889457069 103 open access |
| spellingShingle | TA1-2040 TP248.13-248.65 materials Biofuels characterization biorefining Bio-derived Chemicals thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology Arthur J. Ragauskas Chang Geun Yoo Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title | Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title_full | Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title_fullStr | Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title_short | Advancements in Biomass Recalcitrance: The Use of Lignin for the Production of Fuels and Chemicals |
| title_sort | advancements in biomass recalcitrance the use of lignin for the production of fuels and chemicals |
| topic | TA1-2040 TP248.13-248.65 materials Biofuels characterization biorefining Bio-derived Chemicals thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology |
| topic_facet | TA1-2040 TP248.13-248.65 materials Biofuels characterization biorefining Bio-derived Chemicals thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology |
| url | 32075 |
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