Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes
This Research Topic covers the pathogenetic processes in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that underpin the translation of genetic vulnerability to clinically significant symptoms. Available research data in ASD suggests that it is a neural connectivity disorder and that the social communication and r...
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| 格式: | Online |
| 語言: | 英语 |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| 在線閱讀: | 18810 |
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| author | Valsamma Eapen Charles Claudianos Rudi Crncec Andrew J. Whitehouse |
| author_browse | Andrew J. Whitehouse Charles Claudianos Rudi Crncec Valsamma Eapen |
| author_facet | Valsamma Eapen Charles Claudianos Rudi Crncec Andrew J. Whitehouse |
| author_sort | Valsamma Eapen |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | This Research Topic covers the pathogenetic processes in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that underpin the translation of genetic vulnerability to clinically significant symptoms. Available research data in ASD suggests that it is a neural connectivity disorder and that the social communication and related neurobehavioural symptoms result from reduced synchronization between key _social brain_ regions. These interconnected neural systems can be understood through the relationship between functionally relevant anatomic areas and neurochemical pathways, the programming of which are genetically modulated during neurodevelopment and mediated through a range of epigenetic and environmental modulators. Elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms can provide an invaluable window for understanding the neural wiring that regulates higher brain functions and consequent clinical phenotypes. In keeping with the multi modal and diverse origins of ASD, this Research Topic explores the genetic underpinnings and environmental modulation in the aetiology; neural substrates, biomarkers and endophenotypes that underlie clinical characteristics; as well as neurochemical pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms that pave the way for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, since genetically mediated deficits and consequent functional impairments involve activity-dependent synapse development that depends on postnatal learning and experience, the trajectory towards the final clinical expression could be modulated by early interventions that exploit the neuronal maturation and brain plasticity. However, identifying these diverse pathogenetic processes and tailoring interventions would require subtyping ASD into homogeneous subgroups. In this regard, this topic covers the current state of evidence in the literature through topic reviews as well as ongoing original work that provides tangible hypotheses and directions for future research. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-41622 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-416222024-04-05T17:30:22Z Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes Valsamma Eapen Charles Claudianos Rudi Crncec Andrew J. Whitehouse RC321-571 Q1-390 Neuroimaging phenotypes neurodevelopment Early Intervention immune response genotypes Autism Spectrum Disorder Genetic Heterogeneity brain plasticity subtypes thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences This Research Topic covers the pathogenetic processes in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that underpin the translation of genetic vulnerability to clinically significant symptoms. Available research data in ASD suggests that it is a neural connectivity disorder and that the social communication and related neurobehavioural symptoms result from reduced synchronization between key _social brain_ regions. These interconnected neural systems can be understood through the relationship between functionally relevant anatomic areas and neurochemical pathways, the programming of which are genetically modulated during neurodevelopment and mediated through a range of epigenetic and environmental modulators. Elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms can provide an invaluable window for understanding the neural wiring that regulates higher brain functions and consequent clinical phenotypes. In keeping with the multi modal and diverse origins of ASD, this Research Topic explores the genetic underpinnings and environmental modulation in the aetiology; neural substrates, biomarkers and endophenotypes that underlie clinical characteristics; as well as neurochemical pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms that pave the way for therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, since genetically mediated deficits and consequent functional impairments involve activity-dependent synapse development that depends on postnatal learning and experience, the trajectory towards the final clinical expression could be modulated by early interventions that exploit the neuronal maturation and brain plasticity. However, identifying these diverse pathogenetic processes and tailoring interventions would require subtyping ASD into homogeneous subgroups. In this regard, this topic covers the current state of evidence in the literature through topic reviews as well as ongoing original work that provides tangible hypotheses and directions for future research. 2021-02-11T08:43:17Z 2021-02-11T08:43:17Z 2016-04-07 11:22:02 2015 book 18810 16648714 9782889196807 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/41622 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Autism_Spectrum_Disorders_From_Genotypes_to_Phenotypes/738#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/1093/autism-spectrum-disorders-from-genotypes-to-phenotypes Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88919-680-7 10.3389/978-2-88919-680-7 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889196807 93 open access |
| spellingShingle | RC321-571 Q1-390 Neuroimaging phenotypes neurodevelopment Early Intervention immune response genotypes Autism Spectrum Disorder Genetic Heterogeneity brain plasticity subtypes thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Valsamma Eapen Charles Claudianos Rudi Crncec Andrew J. Whitehouse Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title | Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title_full | Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title_fullStr | Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title_short | Autism Spectrum Disorders: From genotypes to phenotypes |
| title_sort | autism spectrum disorders from genotypes to phenotypes |
| topic | RC321-571 Q1-390 Neuroimaging phenotypes neurodevelopment Early Intervention immune response genotypes Autism Spectrum Disorder Genetic Heterogeneity brain plasticity subtypes thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| topic_facet | RC321-571 Q1-390 Neuroimaging phenotypes neurodevelopment Early Intervention immune response genotypes Autism Spectrum Disorder Genetic Heterogeneity brain plasticity subtypes thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| url | 18810 |
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