Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains
The cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of neuronal information transfer and processing. It controls a plethora of fundamental processes, including transmitter release and the induction of synaptic plasticity. This enigmatic second messenger conveys its wide variety of...
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| Формат: | Online |
| Язык: | английский |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| Online-ссылка: | 18221 |
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| _version_ | 1869517355590090752 |
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| author | Philippe Isope Hartmut Schmidt Christian D. Wilms |
| author_browse | Christian D. Wilms Hartmut Schmidt Philippe Isope |
| author_facet | Philippe Isope Hartmut Schmidt Christian D. Wilms |
| author_sort | Philippe Isope |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | The cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of neuronal information transfer and processing. It controls a plethora of fundamental processes, including transmitter release and the induction of synaptic plasticity. This enigmatic second messenger conveys its wide variety of actions by binding to a subgroup of Ca2+ binding proteins (CaBPs) known as “Ca2+ sensors”. Well known examples of Ca2+ sensors are Troponin-C in skeletal muscle, Synaptotagmin in presynaptic terminals, and Calmodulin (CaM) in all eukaryotic cells. Since the levels of [Ca2+]i directly influence the potency of Ca2+ sensors, the Ca2+ concentration is tightly controlled by several mechanisms including another type of Ca2+ binding proteins, the Ca2+ buffers. Prominent examples of Ca2+ buffers include Parvalbumin (PV), Calbindin-D28k (CB) and Calretinin (CR), although for the latter two Ca2+ sensor functions were recently also suggested. Ca2+ buffers are distinct from sensors by their purely buffering action, i.e. they influence the spatio-temporal extent of Ca2+ signals, without directly binding downstream target proteins. Details of their action depend on their binding kinetics, mobility, and concentration. Thus, neurons can control the range of action of Ca2+ by the type and concentration of CaBPs expressed. Since buffering strongly limits the range of action of free Ca2+, the structure of the Ca2+ signaling domain and the topographical relationships between the sites of Ca2+ influx and the location of the Ca2+ sensors are central determinants in neuronal information processing. For example, postsynaptic dendritic spines act to compartmentalize Ca2+ depending on their geometry and expression of CaBPs, thereby influencing dendritic integration. At presynaptic sites it has been shown that tight, so called nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and the sensor for vesicular transmitter release increases speed and reliability of synaptic transmission. Vice versa, the influence of an individual CaBP on information processing depends on the topographical relationships within the signaling domain. If e.g. source and sensor are very close, only buffers with rapid binding kinetics can interfere with signaling. This Research Topic contains a collection of work dealing with the relationships between different [Ca2+]i controlling mechanisms in the structural context of synaptic sites and their functional implications for synaptic information processing as detailed in the Editorial. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-44861 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-448612024-04-05T12:35:47Z Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains Philippe Isope Hartmut Schmidt Christian D. Wilms RC321-571 Q1-390 localization dendritic integration calcium buffer storm Calcium transmitter release calcium sensor STED plasticity thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences The cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of neuronal information transfer and processing. It controls a plethora of fundamental processes, including transmitter release and the induction of synaptic plasticity. This enigmatic second messenger conveys its wide variety of actions by binding to a subgroup of Ca2+ binding proteins (CaBPs) known as “Ca2+ sensors”. Well known examples of Ca2+ sensors are Troponin-C in skeletal muscle, Synaptotagmin in presynaptic terminals, and Calmodulin (CaM) in all eukaryotic cells. Since the levels of [Ca2+]i directly influence the potency of Ca2+ sensors, the Ca2+ concentration is tightly controlled by several mechanisms including another type of Ca2+ binding proteins, the Ca2+ buffers. Prominent examples of Ca2+ buffers include Parvalbumin (PV), Calbindin-D28k (CB) and Calretinin (CR), although for the latter two Ca2+ sensor functions were recently also suggested. Ca2+ buffers are distinct from sensors by their purely buffering action, i.e. they influence the spatio-temporal extent of Ca2+ signals, without directly binding downstream target proteins. Details of their action depend on their binding kinetics, mobility, and concentration. Thus, neurons can control the range of action of Ca2+ by the type and concentration of CaBPs expressed. Since buffering strongly limits the range of action of free Ca2+, the structure of the Ca2+ signaling domain and the topographical relationships between the sites of Ca2+ influx and the location of the Ca2+ sensors are central determinants in neuronal information processing. For example, postsynaptic dendritic spines act to compartmentalize Ca2+ depending on their geometry and expression of CaBPs, thereby influencing dendritic integration. At presynaptic sites it has been shown that tight, so called nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and the sensor for vesicular transmitter release increases speed and reliability of synaptic transmission. Vice versa, the influence of an individual CaBP on information processing depends on the topographical relationships within the signaling domain. If e.g. source and sensor are very close, only buffers with rapid binding kinetics can interfere with signaling. This Research Topic contains a collection of work dealing with the relationships between different [Ca2+]i controlling mechanisms in the structural context of synaptic sites and their functional implications for synaptic information processing as detailed in the Editorial. 2021-02-11T11:14:37Z 2021-02-11T11:14:37Z 2016-01-19 14:05:46 2016 book 18221 16648714 9782889198344 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/44861 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Determinants_of_Synaptic_Information_Transfer_from_Ca2_Binding_Proteins_to_Ca2_Signaling_Domains/882#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/2601/determinants-of-synaptic-information-transfer-from-ca2-binding-proteins-to-ca2-signaling-domains Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88919-834-4 10.3389/978-2-88919-834-4 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889198344 133 open access |
| spellingShingle | RC321-571 Q1-390 localization dendritic integration calcium buffer storm Calcium transmitter release calcium sensor STED plasticity thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Philippe Isope Hartmut Schmidt Christian D. Wilms Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title | Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title_full | Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title_fullStr | Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title_short | Determinants of synaptic information transfer: From Ca2+ binding proteins to Ca2+ signaling domains |
| title_sort | determinants of synaptic information transfer from ca2 binding proteins to ca2 signaling domains |
| topic | RC321-571 Q1-390 localization dendritic integration calcium buffer storm Calcium transmitter release calcium sensor STED plasticity thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| topic_facet | RC321-571 Q1-390 localization dendritic integration calcium buffer storm Calcium transmitter release calcium sensor STED plasticity thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| url | 18221 |
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