Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief
At the core of the many debates throughout cognitive science concerning how decisions are made are the processes governing the time course of preference formation and decision. From perceptual choices, such as whether the signal on a radar screen indicates an enemy missile or a spot on a CT scan ind...
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| Үндсэн зохиолчид: | , , , |
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| Формат: | Online |
| Хэл сонгох: | англи |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| Онлайн хандалт: | 17778 |
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| _version_ | 1869517355743182848 |
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| author | Marius Usher David A. Lagnado Konstantinos Tsetsos Erica Yu |
| author_browse | David A. Lagnado Erica Yu Konstantinos Tsetsos Marius Usher |
| author_facet | Marius Usher David A. Lagnado Konstantinos Tsetsos Erica Yu |
| author_sort | Marius Usher |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | At the core of the many debates throughout cognitive science concerning how decisions are made are the processes governing the time course of preference formation and decision. From perceptual choices, such as whether the signal on a radar screen indicates an enemy missile or a spot on a CT scan indicates a tumor, to cognitive value-based decisions, such as selecting an agreeable flatmate or deciding the guilt of a defendant, significant and everyday decisions are dynamic over time. Phenomena such as decoy effects, preference reversals and order effects are still puzzling researchers. For example, in a legal context, jurors receive discrete pieces of evidence in sequence, and must integrate these pieces together to reach a singular verdict. From a standard Bayesian viewpoint the order in which people receive the evidence should not influence their final decision, and yet order effects seem a robust empirical phenomena in many decision contexts. Current research on how decisions unfold, especially in a dynamic environment, is advancing our theoretical understanding of decision making. This Research Topic aims to review and further explore the time course of a decision - from how prior beliefs are formed to how those beliefs are used and updated over time, towards the formation of preferences and choices and post-decision processes and effects. Research literatures encompassing varied approaches to the time-scale of decisions will be brought into scope: a) Speeded decisions (and post-decision processes) that require the accumulation of noisy and possibly non-stationary perceptual evidence (e.g., randomly moving dots stimuli), within a few seconds, with or without temporal uncertainty. b) Temporally-extended, value-based decisions that integrate feedback values (e.g., gambling machines) and internally-generated decision criteria (e.g., when one switches attention, selectively, between the various aspects of several choice alternatives). c) Temporally extended, belief-based decisions that build on the integration of evidence, which interacts with the decision maker's belief system, towards the updating of the beliefs and the formation of judgments and preferences (as in the legal context). Research that emphasizes theoretical concerns (including optimality analysis) and mechanisms underlying the decision process, both neural and cognitive, is presented, as well as research that combines experimental and computational levels of analysis. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-45581 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-455812024-04-05T12:35:47Z Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief Marius Usher David A. Lagnado Konstantinos Tsetsos Erica Yu RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Decision Making Belief data-generating process Evidence Accumulation Problem Solving thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences At the core of the many debates throughout cognitive science concerning how decisions are made are the processes governing the time course of preference formation and decision. From perceptual choices, such as whether the signal on a radar screen indicates an enemy missile or a spot on a CT scan indicates a tumor, to cognitive value-based decisions, such as selecting an agreeable flatmate or deciding the guilt of a defendant, significant and everyday decisions are dynamic over time. Phenomena such as decoy effects, preference reversals and order effects are still puzzling researchers. For example, in a legal context, jurors receive discrete pieces of evidence in sequence, and must integrate these pieces together to reach a singular verdict. From a standard Bayesian viewpoint the order in which people receive the evidence should not influence their final decision, and yet order effects seem a robust empirical phenomena in many decision contexts. Current research on how decisions unfold, especially in a dynamic environment, is advancing our theoretical understanding of decision making. This Research Topic aims to review and further explore the time course of a decision - from how prior beliefs are formed to how those beliefs are used and updated over time, towards the formation of preferences and choices and post-decision processes and effects. Research literatures encompassing varied approaches to the time-scale of decisions will be brought into scope: a) Speeded decisions (and post-decision processes) that require the accumulation of noisy and possibly non-stationary perceptual evidence (e.g., randomly moving dots stimuli), within a few seconds, with or without temporal uncertainty. b) Temporally-extended, value-based decisions that integrate feedback values (e.g., gambling machines) and internally-generated decision criteria (e.g., when one switches attention, selectively, between the various aspects of several choice alternatives). c) Temporally extended, belief-based decisions that build on the integration of evidence, which interacts with the decision maker's belief system, towards the updating of the beliefs and the formation of judgments and preferences (as in the legal context). Research that emphasizes theoretical concerns (including optimality analysis) and mechanisms underlying the decision process, both neural and cognitive, is presented, as well as research that combines experimental and computational levels of analysis. 2021-02-11T11:51:41Z 2021-02-11T11:51:41Z 2015-12-03 13:02:24 2014 book 17778 16648714 9782889192700 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/45581 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Dynamics_of_decision_making_from_evidence_to_preference_and_belief/337 http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/406/dynamics-of-decision-making-from-evidence-to-preference-and-belief Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88919-270-0 10.3389/978-2-88919-270-0 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889192700 259 open access |
| spellingShingle | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Decision Making Belief data-generating process Evidence Accumulation Problem Solving thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Marius Usher David A. Lagnado Konstantinos Tsetsos Erica Yu Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title | Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title_full | Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title_fullStr | Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title_short | Dynamics of decision making: from evidence to preference and belief |
| title_sort | dynamics of decision making from evidence to preference and belief |
| topic | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Decision Making Belief data-generating process Evidence Accumulation Problem Solving thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| topic_facet | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Decision Making Belief data-generating process Evidence Accumulation Problem Solving thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| url | 17778 |
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