Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes
Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable genetic elements found in thousands of species of plants and animals, and some fungi. Since their discovery more than a century ago, they have been a source of puzzlement, as they only occur in some members of a population and are absent from others....
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| Format: | Online |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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| Online Access: | 35952 |
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| author | Martins, Cesar Trifonov, Vladimir Houben, Andreas Jones, Neil |
| author_browse | Houben, Andreas Jones, Neil Martins, Cesar Trifonov, Vladimir |
| author_facet | Martins, Cesar Trifonov, Vladimir Houben, Andreas Jones, Neil |
| author_sort | Martins, Cesar |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable genetic elements found in thousands of species of plants and animals, and some fungi. Since their discovery more than a century ago, they have been a source of puzzlement, as they only occur in some members of a population and are absent from others. When they do occur, they are often harmful, and in the absence of “selfishness”, based on mechanisms of mitotic and meiotic drive, there appears to be no obvious reason for their existence. Cytogeneticists have long wrestled with questions about the biological existence of these enigmatic elements, including their lack of any adaptive properties, apparent absence of functional genes, their origin, sequence organization, and co-evolution as nuclear parasites. Emerging new technologies are now enabling researchers to step up a gear, to look enthusiastically beyond the previous limits of the horizon, and to uncover the secrets of these “silent” chromosomes. This book provides a comprehensive guide to theoretical advancements in the field of B chromosome research in both animal and plant systems. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-47144 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-471442024-04-05T12:32:51Z Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes Martins, Cesar Trifonov, Vladimir Houben, Andreas Jones, Neil QH301-705.5 Q1-390 parent-of-origin effects fluorescent in situ hybridization coverage ratio analysis n/a ribosomal DNA reactivation cytogenetics epigenetics heterochromatin interphase nucleus whole genome resequencing transmission grasshoppers genome instability dot-like (micro) Bs ?s B chromosome supernumerary elements transcription of heterochromatin maternal X chromosome supernumerary chromosome population analysis supernumerary repeat clusters extra chromosomes genes tandem repeats B morphotypes repetitive DNA repetitive elements DNA copy number variation chromosome polymorphism satellite DNA mammals maize B chromosome additional chromosomes inactivation drive B chromosomes FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation) organelle DNA Orthoptera origin supernumerary chromosomes karyotype evolution GISH (genomic in situ hybridisation) DNA composition de novo centromere formation genomics paternal X chromosome euchromatin degradation supernumerary chromosomal segments (SCS) evolution centromere sSMC Prospero autumnale complex next-generation sequencing Drosophila host/parasite interaction Apodemus peninsulae genome evolution evolution teleost chromosome evolution microdissected DNA probes controlling element mobile element RNA-Seq karyotypes karyotypic characteristics RepeatExplorer thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are dispensable genetic elements found in thousands of species of plants and animals, and some fungi. Since their discovery more than a century ago, they have been a source of puzzlement, as they only occur in some members of a population and are absent from others. When they do occur, they are often harmful, and in the absence of “selfishness”, based on mechanisms of mitotic and meiotic drive, there appears to be no obvious reason for their existence. Cytogeneticists have long wrestled with questions about the biological existence of these enigmatic elements, including their lack of any adaptive properties, apparent absence of functional genes, their origin, sequence organization, and co-evolution as nuclear parasites. Emerging new technologies are now enabling researchers to step up a gear, to look enthusiastically beyond the previous limits of the horizon, and to uncover the secrets of these “silent” chromosomes. This book provides a comprehensive guide to theoretical advancements in the field of B chromosome research in both animal and plant systems. 2021-02-11T13:12:45Z 2021-02-11T13:12:45Z 2019-08-28 11:21:28 2019 book 35952 9783038977872 9783038977865 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/47144 eng image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1267 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-03897-787-2 10.3390/books978-3-03897-787-2 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783038977872 9783038977865 254 open access |
| spellingShingle | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 parent-of-origin effects fluorescent in situ hybridization coverage ratio analysis n/a ribosomal DNA reactivation cytogenetics epigenetics heterochromatin interphase nucleus whole genome resequencing transmission grasshoppers genome instability dot-like (micro) Bs ?s B chromosome supernumerary elements transcription of heterochromatin maternal X chromosome supernumerary chromosome population analysis supernumerary repeat clusters extra chromosomes genes tandem repeats B morphotypes repetitive DNA repetitive elements DNA copy number variation chromosome polymorphism satellite DNA mammals maize B chromosome additional chromosomes inactivation drive B chromosomes FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation) organelle DNA Orthoptera origin supernumerary chromosomes karyotype evolution GISH (genomic in situ hybridisation) DNA composition de novo centromere formation genomics paternal X chromosome euchromatin degradation supernumerary chromosomal segments (SCS) evolution centromere sSMC Prospero autumnale complex next-generation sequencing Drosophila host/parasite interaction Apodemus peninsulae genome evolution evolution teleost chromosome evolution microdissected DNA probes controlling element mobile element RNA-Seq karyotypes karyotypic characteristics RepeatExplorer thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Martins, Cesar Trifonov, Vladimir Houben, Andreas Jones, Neil Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title | Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title_full | Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title_fullStr | Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title_short | Evolution, Composition and Regulation of Supernumerary B Chromosomes |
| title_sort | evolution composition and regulation of supernumerary b chromosomes |
| topic | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 parent-of-origin effects fluorescent in situ hybridization coverage ratio analysis n/a ribosomal DNA reactivation cytogenetics epigenetics heterochromatin interphase nucleus whole genome resequencing transmission grasshoppers genome instability dot-like (micro) Bs ?s B chromosome supernumerary elements transcription of heterochromatin maternal X chromosome supernumerary chromosome population analysis supernumerary repeat clusters extra chromosomes genes tandem repeats B morphotypes repetitive DNA repetitive elements DNA copy number variation chromosome polymorphism satellite DNA mammals maize B chromosome additional chromosomes inactivation drive B chromosomes FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation) organelle DNA Orthoptera origin supernumerary chromosomes karyotype evolution GISH (genomic in situ hybridisation) DNA composition de novo centromere formation genomics paternal X chromosome euchromatin degradation supernumerary chromosomal segments (SCS) evolution centromere sSMC Prospero autumnale complex next-generation sequencing Drosophila host/parasite interaction Apodemus peninsulae genome evolution evolution teleost chromosome evolution microdissected DNA probes controlling element mobile element RNA-Seq karyotypes karyotypic characteristics RepeatExplorer thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| topic_facet | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 parent-of-origin effects fluorescent in situ hybridization coverage ratio analysis n/a ribosomal DNA reactivation cytogenetics epigenetics heterochromatin interphase nucleus whole genome resequencing transmission grasshoppers genome instability dot-like (micro) Bs ?s B chromosome supernumerary elements transcription of heterochromatin maternal X chromosome supernumerary chromosome population analysis supernumerary repeat clusters extra chromosomes genes tandem repeats B morphotypes repetitive DNA repetitive elements DNA copy number variation chromosome polymorphism satellite DNA mammals maize B chromosome additional chromosomes inactivation drive B chromosomes FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation) organelle DNA Orthoptera origin supernumerary chromosomes karyotype evolution GISH (genomic in situ hybridisation) DNA composition de novo centromere formation genomics paternal X chromosome euchromatin degradation supernumerary chromosomal segments (SCS) evolution centromere sSMC Prospero autumnale complex next-generation sequencing Drosophila host/parasite interaction Apodemus peninsulae genome evolution evolution teleost chromosome evolution microdissected DNA probes controlling element mobile element RNA-Seq karyotypes karyotypic characteristics RepeatExplorer thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| url | 35952 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martinscesar evolutioncompositionandregulationofsupernumerarybchromosomes AT trifonovvladimir evolutioncompositionandregulationofsupernumerarybchromosomes AT houbenandreas evolutioncompositionandregulationofsupernumerarybchromosomes AT jonesneil evolutioncompositionandregulationofsupernumerarybchromosomes |