High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects
Aftereffects generally occur after a prolonged exposure (adaptation) to a first stimulus possessing one given property followed by presentation of a stimulus bearing a neutral value of that property. The aftereffect consists in a change in appearance of the neutral stimulus following the adapter, co...
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2021
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| author | Stefania D'Ascenzo Luca Tommasi Rocco Palumbo |
| author_browse | Luca Tommasi Rocco Palumbo Stefania D'Ascenzo |
| author_facet | Stefania D'Ascenzo Luca Tommasi Rocco Palumbo |
| author_sort | Stefania D'Ascenzo |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Aftereffects generally occur after a prolonged exposure (adaptation) to a first stimulus possessing one given property followed by presentation of a stimulus bearing a neutral value of that property. The aftereffect consists in a change in appearance of the neutral stimulus following the adapter, compared to the appearance of the neutral stimulus when it is perceived without any previous exposure to the adapter. The transient phenomena of perceptual aftereffects are believed to depend on the activation of neuron populations that respond selectively to a given property of the stimuli. Studying how adaptation occurs (which stimulus properties are sensitive to it, which timings are necessary, whether individual differences modulate its occurrence) has thus become an indirect way to probe the plasticity of sensory functions in the nervous system, recently extending to more cognitive and representational aspects of neural coding. In the last two decades, indeed, it has been demonstrated that aftereffects occur not only for low-level properties of stimuli (such as motion, color, or orientation) but also for high-level properties. Many studies have proven that high-level proprieties of the stimuli, e.g. gender, identity, ethnicity, or age of a face or a voice, are sensitive to this phenomenon. It has been shown, for example, that the prolonged exposure to a female or male face produces a gender misperception in the opposite direction when an androgynous face is shown after the adapter. Furthermore, recent studies have also shown that aftereffects are not strictly contingent upon the physical features that make up stimuli, but they seem to run across the high-level proprieties subjects are adapted to. These evidences are supported by cross-category adaptation studies, which underlie how aftereffects occur even across stimuli that do not share physical features (e.g. bodies and faces) but that instead, share common higher-level properties, such as gender. Given the growing body of research focused on adaptation and aftereffects in high-level perception at the boundaries with perceptual learning, attention and cognition, the purpose of this topic is to provide a picture of the state of the art relative to the specific phenomena of adaptation in high-level perceptual processing. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-49282 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-492822024-04-05T17:29:51Z High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects Stefania D'Ascenzo Luca Tommasi Rocco Palumbo RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Aftereffects emotion bodies adaptation Perception faces High-level thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Aftereffects generally occur after a prolonged exposure (adaptation) to a first stimulus possessing one given property followed by presentation of a stimulus bearing a neutral value of that property. The aftereffect consists in a change in appearance of the neutral stimulus following the adapter, compared to the appearance of the neutral stimulus when it is perceived without any previous exposure to the adapter. The transient phenomena of perceptual aftereffects are believed to depend on the activation of neuron populations that respond selectively to a given property of the stimuli. Studying how adaptation occurs (which stimulus properties are sensitive to it, which timings are necessary, whether individual differences modulate its occurrence) has thus become an indirect way to probe the plasticity of sensory functions in the nervous system, recently extending to more cognitive and representational aspects of neural coding. In the last two decades, indeed, it has been demonstrated that aftereffects occur not only for low-level properties of stimuli (such as motion, color, or orientation) but also for high-level properties. Many studies have proven that high-level proprieties of the stimuli, e.g. gender, identity, ethnicity, or age of a face or a voice, are sensitive to this phenomenon. It has been shown, for example, that the prolonged exposure to a female or male face produces a gender misperception in the opposite direction when an androgynous face is shown after the adapter. Furthermore, recent studies have also shown that aftereffects are not strictly contingent upon the physical features that make up stimuli, but they seem to run across the high-level proprieties subjects are adapted to. These evidences are supported by cross-category adaptation studies, which underlie how aftereffects occur even across stimuli that do not share physical features (e.g. bodies and faces) but that instead, share common higher-level properties, such as gender. Given the growing body of research focused on adaptation and aftereffects in high-level perception at the boundaries with perceptual learning, attention and cognition, the purpose of this topic is to provide a picture of the state of the art relative to the specific phenomena of adaptation in high-level perceptual processing. 2021-02-11T15:16:21Z 2021-02-11T15:16:21Z 2017-08-28 14:01:09 2017 book 23453 16648714 9782889451470 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/49282 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/High-Level_Adaptation_and_Aftereffects/1184 http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/3382/high-level-adaptation-and-aftereffects Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-147-0 10.3389/978-2-88945-147-0 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889451470 98 open access |
| spellingShingle | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Aftereffects emotion bodies adaptation Perception faces High-level thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Stefania D'Ascenzo Luca Tommasi Rocco Palumbo High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title | High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title_full | High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title_fullStr | High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title_short | High-Level Adaptation and Aftereffects |
| title_sort | high level adaptation and aftereffects |
| topic | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Aftereffects emotion bodies adaptation Perception faces High-level thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| topic_facet | RC321-571 BF1-990 Q1-390 Aftereffects emotion bodies adaptation Perception faces High-level thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| url | 23453 |
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