HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks
The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is different from classical HLA class I molecules because of the low polymorphism in the coding region, the fact that HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced in seven isoforms, and the inhibitory action on immune cells. Although HLA-G is low pol...
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| Format: | Online |
| Język: | angielski |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| Dostęp online: | 22970 |
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| _version_ | 1869515085523714048 |
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| author | Silvia Gregori Joel LeMaoult |
| author_browse | Joel LeMaoult Silvia Gregori |
| author_facet | Silvia Gregori Joel LeMaoult |
| author_sort | Silvia Gregori |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is different from classical HLA class I molecules because of the low polymorphism in the coding region, the fact that HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced in seven isoforms, and the inhibitory action on immune cells. Although HLA-G is low polymorphic, variants in both promoter and 3’ un-translated region (UTR) of HLA-G locus regulate its expression. In healthy conditions, a basal level of HLA-G gene transcription is observed in most cells and tissues; however, translation into HLA-G protein is restricted to trophoblasts in the placenta, where it participates in promoting tolerance at the fetal-maternal interface. HLA-G is also expressed by thymic epitelial, cornea, mesenchymal stem cells, nail matrix, pancreatic beta cells, erythroid, and endothelial precursors. HLA-G can be neo-expressed in adult tissues in pathological conditions, and its expression has been documented autoimmune disorders, viral infections, and cancer. In the latter setting de novo HLA-G expression is associated with the capability of tumor cells to evade the immune control. In the last decade it has become evident that HLA-G expression on T cells and antigenpresenting cells confers to these cells tolerogenic properties. This Research Topic focused on i) summarizing updated clinical and immunological evidences that HLA-G expression is associate with beneficial or detrimental tolerance, ii) gathering new insights into the mechanisms governing the expression of HLA-G in healthy and pathological conditions, such as pre-eclampsia, and iii) examining the mechanisms underlying HLA-G mediated tolerance. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-49487 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-494872024-03-30T23:21:42Z HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks Silvia Gregori Joel LeMaoult R5-920 RC581-607 Pregnancy Autoimmunity Immuno-modulation Pre-Eclampsia Infections Exosomes HLA-G polymorphisms tolerance Cancer thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is different from classical HLA class I molecules because of the low polymorphism in the coding region, the fact that HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced in seven isoforms, and the inhibitory action on immune cells. Although HLA-G is low polymorphic, variants in both promoter and 3’ un-translated region (UTR) of HLA-G locus regulate its expression. In healthy conditions, a basal level of HLA-G gene transcription is observed in most cells and tissues; however, translation into HLA-G protein is restricted to trophoblasts in the placenta, where it participates in promoting tolerance at the fetal-maternal interface. HLA-G is also expressed by thymic epitelial, cornea, mesenchymal stem cells, nail matrix, pancreatic beta cells, erythroid, and endothelial precursors. HLA-G can be neo-expressed in adult tissues in pathological conditions, and its expression has been documented autoimmune disorders, viral infections, and cancer. In the latter setting de novo HLA-G expression is associated with the capability of tumor cells to evade the immune control. In the last decade it has become evident that HLA-G expression on T cells and antigenpresenting cells confers to these cells tolerogenic properties. This Research Topic focused on i) summarizing updated clinical and immunological evidences that HLA-G expression is associate with beneficial or detrimental tolerance, ii) gathering new insights into the mechanisms governing the expression of HLA-G in healthy and pathological conditions, such as pre-eclampsia, and iii) examining the mechanisms underlying HLA-G mediated tolerance. 2021-02-11T15:28:14Z 2021-02-11T15:28:14Z 2017-07-06 13:27:36 2017 book 22970 16648714 9782889451197 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/49487 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/HLA-G-mediated_Immune_Tolerance_Past_and_New_Outlooks/1125#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/2452/hla-g-mediated-immune-tolerance-past-and-new-outlooks Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-119-7 10.3389/978-2-88945-119-7 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889451197 92 open access |
| spellingShingle | R5-920 RC581-607 Pregnancy Autoimmunity Immuno-modulation Pre-Eclampsia Infections Exosomes HLA-G polymorphisms tolerance Cancer thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Silvia Gregori Joel LeMaoult HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title | HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title_full | HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title_fullStr | HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title_full_unstemmed | HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title_short | HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks |
| title_sort | hla g mediated immune tolerance past and new outlooks |
| topic | R5-920 RC581-607 Pregnancy Autoimmunity Immuno-modulation Pre-Eclampsia Infections Exosomes HLA-G polymorphisms tolerance Cancer thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| topic_facet | R5-920 RC581-607 Pregnancy Autoimmunity Immuno-modulation Pre-Eclampsia Infections Exosomes HLA-G polymorphisms tolerance Cancer thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| url | 22970 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT silviagregori hlagmediatedimmunetolerancepastandnewoutlooks AT joellemaoult hlagmediatedimmunetolerancepastandnewoutlooks |