Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes
The general process of lipid peroxidation consists of three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination. The initiation phase of lipid peroxidation includes hydrogen atom abstraction. Several species can abstract the first hydrogen atom and include the radicals: hydroxyl, alkoxyl, peroxyl, and...
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| _version_ | 1869522223717416960 |
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| author | Angel Catala Mario Diaz |
| author_browse | Angel Catala Mario Diaz |
| author_facet | Angel Catala Mario Diaz |
| author_sort | Angel Catala |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | The general process of lipid peroxidation consists of three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination. The initiation phase of lipid peroxidation includes hydrogen atom abstraction. Several species can abstract the first hydrogen atom and include the radicals: hydroxyl, alkoxyl, peroxyl, and possibly HO* 2. The membrane lipids, mainly phospholipids, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are predominantly susceptible to peroxidation because abstraction from a methylene group of a hydrogen atom, which contains only one electron, leaves at the back an unpaired electron on the carbon. The initial reaction of *OH with polyunsaturated fatty acids produces a lipid radical (L*), which in turn reacts with molecular oxygen to form a lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH). Further, the LOOH formed can suffer reductive cleavage by reduced metals, such as Fe++, producing lipid alkoxyl radical (LO*). Peroxidation of lipids can disturb the assembly of the membrane, causing changes in fluidity and permeability, alterations of ion transport and inhibition of metabolic processes. In addition, LOOH can break down, frequently in the presence of reduced metals or ascorbate, to reactive aldehyde products, including malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) and acrolein. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major outcomes of free radical-mediated injury to tissue mainly because it can greatly alter the physicochemical properties of membrane lipid bilayers, resulting in severe cellular dysfunction. In addition, a variety of lipid by-products are produced as a consequence of lipid peroxidation, some of which can exert beneficial biological effects under normal physiological conditions. Intensive research performed over the last decades have also revealed that by-products of lipid peroxidation are also involved in cellular signalling and transduction pathways under physiological conditions, and regulate a variety of cellular functions, including normal aging. In the present collection of articles, both aspects (adverse and benefitial) of lipid peroxidation are illustrated in different biological paradigms. We expect this eBook may encourage readers to expand the current knowledge on the complexity of physiological and pathophysiological roles of lipid peroxidation. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-50009 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-500092024-03-31T22:45:10Z Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes Angel Catala Mario Diaz QP1-981 Q1-390 membrane unsaturation reactive nitrogen species (RNS) Oxidative Stress signaling aldehydes reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid Peroxidation poliunsaturated fatty acids thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology The general process of lipid peroxidation consists of three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination. The initiation phase of lipid peroxidation includes hydrogen atom abstraction. Several species can abstract the first hydrogen atom and include the radicals: hydroxyl, alkoxyl, peroxyl, and possibly HO* 2. The membrane lipids, mainly phospholipids, containing polyunsaturated fatty acids are predominantly susceptible to peroxidation because abstraction from a methylene group of a hydrogen atom, which contains only one electron, leaves at the back an unpaired electron on the carbon. The initial reaction of *OH with polyunsaturated fatty acids produces a lipid radical (L*), which in turn reacts with molecular oxygen to form a lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH). Further, the LOOH formed can suffer reductive cleavage by reduced metals, such as Fe++, producing lipid alkoxyl radical (LO*). Peroxidation of lipids can disturb the assembly of the membrane, causing changes in fluidity and permeability, alterations of ion transport and inhibition of metabolic processes. In addition, LOOH can break down, frequently in the presence of reduced metals or ascorbate, to reactive aldehyde products, including malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE) and acrolein. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major outcomes of free radical-mediated injury to tissue mainly because it can greatly alter the physicochemical properties of membrane lipid bilayers, resulting in severe cellular dysfunction. In addition, a variety of lipid by-products are produced as a consequence of lipid peroxidation, some of which can exert beneficial biological effects under normal physiological conditions. Intensive research performed over the last decades have also revealed that by-products of lipid peroxidation are also involved in cellular signalling and transduction pathways under physiological conditions, and regulate a variety of cellular functions, including normal aging. In the present collection of articles, both aspects (adverse and benefitial) of lipid peroxidation are illustrated in different biological paradigms. We expect this eBook may encourage readers to expand the current knowledge on the complexity of physiological and pathophysiological roles of lipid peroxidation. 2021-02-11T15:58:07Z 2021-02-11T15:58:07Z 2017-07-06 13:27:36 2017 book 22934 16648714 9782889450824 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/50009 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Impact_of_Lipid_Peroxidation_on_the_Physiology_and_Pathophysiology_of_Cell_Membranes/1097#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/1269/impact-of-lipid-peroxidation-on-the-physiology-and-pathophysiology-of-cell-membranes Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-082-4 10.3389/978-2-88945-082-4 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889450824 88 open access |
| spellingShingle | QP1-981 Q1-390 membrane unsaturation reactive nitrogen species (RNS) Oxidative Stress signaling aldehydes reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid Peroxidation poliunsaturated fatty acids thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology Angel Catala Mario Diaz Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title | Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title_full | Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title_short | Impact of Lipid Peroxidation on the Physiology and Pathophysiology of Cell Membranes |
| title_sort | impact of lipid peroxidation on the physiology and pathophysiology of cell membranes |
| topic | QP1-981 Q1-390 membrane unsaturation reactive nitrogen species (RNS) Oxidative Stress signaling aldehydes reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid Peroxidation poliunsaturated fatty acids thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| topic_facet | QP1-981 Q1-390 membrane unsaturation reactive nitrogen species (RNS) Oxidative Stress signaling aldehydes reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid Peroxidation poliunsaturated fatty acids thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| url | 22934 |
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