Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response
Over the last years it has become evident that many neurological diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are induced by a specific adaptive immune response directed against molecules expressed on CNS-resident cells. Well-recognized examples are anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) encepha...
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| _version_ | 1869519028542767104 |
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| author | Fabienne Brilot Robert Weissert |
| author_browse | Fabienne Brilot Robert Weissert |
| author_facet | Fabienne Brilot Robert Weissert |
| author_sort | Fabienne Brilot |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Over the last years it has become evident that many neurological diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are induced by a specific adaptive immune response directed against molecules expressed on CNS-resident cells. Well-recognized examples are anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis which is characterized by the presence of antibodies against neuron-expressed NMDAR, or neuromyelitis optica (NMO), induced by antibodies to astrocyte-expressed aquaporin-4. Many more examples exist, and antibodies, and T or/and B cells have increasingly been associated with CNS disease. Often the symptoms of these diseases have not been typically reported to have an immune aetiology. Beside classical neurological symptoms like ataxia, vision disturbance, and motor or sensory symptoms, these can include cognitive disturbances, behavioral abnormalities, or/and epileptic seizures. Although much has been learned regarding the pathophysiology of prototypic examples of these disorders, there are still major gaps in our understanding of their biology. This may be due to the fact that they are rare diseases, and their therapies are still very limited. This research topic includes contributions addressing the analysis of the adaptive immune response driving disease including target antigens, molecular epitope mapping, and factors involved in the disease pathogenesis such as complement activation cascades, genetic and genomic regulation, as well as environmental triggers. Diagnostic criteria and methods, and treatment are also discussed. The overall aim of the volume is to review progress in our pathophysiological understanding of immune-mediated CNS disorders in order to advance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and ultimately improve outcomes for patients. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-50155 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-501552024-03-30T23:22:25Z Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response Fabienne Brilot Robert Weissert R5-920 RC346-429 RC581-607 autoimmune encephalitis autophagy aquaporin-4 multiple sclerosis neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder T cell thyroid gland B cells NMDA receptor myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Over the last years it has become evident that many neurological diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) are induced by a specific adaptive immune response directed against molecules expressed on CNS-resident cells. Well-recognized examples are anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis which is characterized by the presence of antibodies against neuron-expressed NMDAR, or neuromyelitis optica (NMO), induced by antibodies to astrocyte-expressed aquaporin-4. Many more examples exist, and antibodies, and T or/and B cells have increasingly been associated with CNS disease. Often the symptoms of these diseases have not been typically reported to have an immune aetiology. Beside classical neurological symptoms like ataxia, vision disturbance, and motor or sensory symptoms, these can include cognitive disturbances, behavioral abnormalities, or/and epileptic seizures. Although much has been learned regarding the pathophysiology of prototypic examples of these disorders, there are still major gaps in our understanding of their biology. This may be due to the fact that they are rare diseases, and their therapies are still very limited. This research topic includes contributions addressing the analysis of the adaptive immune response driving disease including target antigens, molecular epitope mapping, and factors involved in the disease pathogenesis such as complement activation cascades, genetic and genomic regulation, as well as environmental triggers. Diagnostic criteria and methods, and treatment are also discussed. The overall aim of the volume is to review progress in our pathophysiological understanding of immune-mediated CNS disorders in order to advance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and ultimately improve outcomes for patients. 2021-02-11T16:08:31Z 2021-02-11T16:08:31Z 2018-02-27 16:16:45 2017 book 25647 16648714 9782889453474 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/50155 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://www.frontiersin.org/books/Induction_of_Central_Nervous_System_Disease_by_the_Adaptive_Immune_Response/1390#nogo https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/4667/induction-of-central-nervous-system-disease-by-the-adaptive-immune-response Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-347-4 10.3389/978-2-88945-347-4 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889453474 141 open access |
| spellingShingle | R5-920 RC346-429 RC581-607 autoimmune encephalitis autophagy aquaporin-4 multiple sclerosis neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder T cell thyroid gland B cells NMDA receptor myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Fabienne Brilot Robert Weissert Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title | Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title_full | Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title_fullStr | Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title_short | Induction of Central Nervous System Disease by the Adaptive Immune Response |
| title_sort | induction of central nervous system disease by the adaptive immune response |
| topic | R5-920 RC346-429 RC581-607 autoimmune encephalitis autophagy aquaporin-4 multiple sclerosis neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder T cell thyroid gland B cells NMDA receptor myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| topic_facet | R5-920 RC346-429 RC581-607 autoimmune encephalitis autophagy aquaporin-4 multiple sclerosis neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder T cell thyroid gland B cells NMDA receptor myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| url | 25647 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fabiennebrilot inductionofcentralnervoussystemdiseasebytheadaptiveimmuneresponse AT robertweissert inductionofcentralnervoussystemdiseasebytheadaptiveimmuneresponse |