Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology

The mesothelium is composed by a single layer of mesothelial cells that vest the serosal cavities (pleural, peritoneal and pericardial) and internal organs of the body. The mesothelial cells have a mixed phenotype of epithelial cells and fibroblasts rendering them remarkable plasticity. Besides prov...

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Main Author: Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
Format: Online
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2021
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Online Access:31951
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author Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
author_browse Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
author_facet Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
author_sort Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
collection Directory of Open Access Books
description The mesothelium is composed by a single layer of mesothelial cells that vest the serosal cavities (pleural, peritoneal and pericardial) and internal organs of the body. The mesothelial cells have a mixed phenotype of epithelial cells and fibroblasts rendering them remarkable plasticity. Besides providing a slippery surface for the frictionless movement of internal organs, the mesothelium participates in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Some of its functions include lung development, trans-cellular and para-cellular transport of ions and water, secretion of glycoproteins (mainly hyaluronan), secretion of cytokines and growth factors, wound healing, response to inflammatory stimuli and induction of inflammation, mesothelial to mesenchymal transition and formation of tunneling nanotubes. Many of these functions are pivotal to physiological conditions such as respiratory development, maintenance of steady volume of serosal fluids and serosal permeability, cell-to-cell communication, re-mesotheliazation of serosal membranes after mechanical (e.g. by asbestos or nanoparticles) or inflammatory injury and participation in immune responses. Deviation from the physiological threshold of these functions results in the development of serosal effusions, induction of serosal and lung fibrosis, induction of mesothelial tumorigenesis, leading thus to devastating pathologies. Treatment of pathologies like mesothelioma, pleural and peritoneal fibrosis (in cases of patients under Peritoneal Dialysis) or lung fibrosis still pose a great challenge for researchers.
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spelling doab-20.500.12854ir-532102024-03-31T22:45:09Z Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology Sotirios G. Zarogiannis QP1-981 Q1-390 Mesothelium Serosal Membranes Physiology Pleura Peritoneum Pericardium thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology The mesothelium is composed by a single layer of mesothelial cells that vest the serosal cavities (pleural, peritoneal and pericardial) and internal organs of the body. The mesothelial cells have a mixed phenotype of epithelial cells and fibroblasts rendering them remarkable plasticity. Besides providing a slippery surface for the frictionless movement of internal organs, the mesothelium participates in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Some of its functions include lung development, trans-cellular and para-cellular transport of ions and water, secretion of glycoproteins (mainly hyaluronan), secretion of cytokines and growth factors, wound healing, response to inflammatory stimuli and induction of inflammation, mesothelial to mesenchymal transition and formation of tunneling nanotubes. Many of these functions are pivotal to physiological conditions such as respiratory development, maintenance of steady volume of serosal fluids and serosal permeability, cell-to-cell communication, re-mesotheliazation of serosal membranes after mechanical (e.g. by asbestos or nanoparticles) or inflammatory injury and participation in immune responses. Deviation from the physiological threshold of these functions results in the development of serosal effusions, induction of serosal and lung fibrosis, induction of mesothelial tumorigenesis, leading thus to devastating pathologies. Treatment of pathologies like mesothelioma, pleural and peritoneal fibrosis (in cases of patients under Peritoneal Dialysis) or lung fibrosis still pose a great challenge for researchers. 2021-02-11T19:19:03Z 2021-02-11T19:19:03Z 2019-01-23 14:53:42 2018 book 31951 16648714 9782889455416 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/53210 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/2153/mesothelial-physiology-and-pathophysiology Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-541-6 10.3389/978-2-88945-541-6 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889455416 81 open access
spellingShingle QP1-981
Q1-390
Mesothelium
Serosal Membranes
Physiology
Pleura
Peritoneum
Pericardium
thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title_full Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title_fullStr Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title_full_unstemmed Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title_short Mesothelial Physiology and Pathophysiology
title_sort mesothelial physiology and pathophysiology
topic QP1-981
Q1-390
Mesothelium
Serosal Membranes
Physiology
Pleura
Peritoneum
Pericardium
thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
topic_facet QP1-981
Q1-390
Mesothelium
Serosal Membranes
Physiology
Pleura
Peritoneum
Pericardium
thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
url 31951
work_keys_str_mv AT sotiriosgzarogiannis mesothelialphysiologyandpathophysiology