Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance
Poised at the convergence of most catabolic and anabolic pathways, mitochondria are the center of heterotrophic aerobic life, representing a hub in the overall metabolic network of cells. The energetic functions performed by mitochondria face the unavoidable redox hurdle of handling huge amounts of...
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| Formato: | Online |
| Idioma: | inglês |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| Acesso em linha: | 24043 |
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| _version_ | 1869523765662056448 |
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| author | Amadou K. S. Camara Miguel A. Aon |
| author_browse | Amadou K. S. Camara Miguel A. Aon |
| author_facet | Amadou K. S. Camara Miguel A. Aon |
| author_sort | Amadou K. S. Camara |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Poised at the convergence of most catabolic and anabolic pathways, mitochondria are the center of heterotrophic aerobic life, representing a hub in the overall metabolic network of cells. The energetic functions performed by mitochondria face the unavoidable redox hurdle of handling huge amounts of oxygen while keeping its own as well as the cellular redox environment under control. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the respiratory chain as a result of the energy supplying function of mitochondria. Originally considered an unavoidable by-product of oxidative phosphorylation, ROS have become crucial signaling molecules when their levels are kept within physiological range. This occurs when their production and scavenging are balanced within mitochondria and cells. Mitochondria-generated hydrogen peroxide can act as a signaling molecule within mitochondria or in the cytoplasm, affecting multiple networks that control, for example, cell cycle, stress response, cell migration and adhesion, energy metabolism, redox balance, cell contraction, and ion channels. However, under pathophysiological conditions, excessive ROS levels can happen due to either overproduction, overwhelming of antioxidant defenses, or both. Under oxidative stress, detrimental effects of ROS include oxidation of protein, lipids, and nucleic acids; mitochondrial depolarization and calcium overload; and cell-wide oscillations mediated by ROS-induced ROS release mechanisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction is central in the pathogenesis of numerous human maladies including cardiomyopathies and neurodegeneration. Diseases characterized by altered nutrient metabolism, such as diabetes and cancer, exhibit elevated ROS levels. These may contribute to pathogenesis by increasing DNA mutation, affecting regulatory signaling and transcription, and promoting inflammation. Under metabolic stress, several ionic channels present in the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes can have pro-life and -death effects. In the present E-book, based on the Frontiers Research Topic entitled: "Mitochondria: Hubs of cellular signaling, energetics and redox balance", we address one of the fundamental questions that the field of ROS biology faces today: how do mitochondria accomplish a reliable energy provision and at the same time keep ROS levels within physiological, non-harming, limits but crucial for cellular signaling function? Additionally, and within the perspective of mitochondria as signaling-energetic hubs in the extensive cellular metabolic network, we ask how can their collective dynamics scale from the subcellular to the cellular, tissue and organ levels to affect function in health and disease. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-53604 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-536042024-03-31T22:45:11Z Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance Amadou K. S. Camara Miguel A. Aon QP1-981 Q1-390 redox and energetic compartmentation light- and anesthetics-induced cardioprotection redox metabolism and signaling hypertrophic and diabetic cardiomyopathies skeletal-cardiac muscle and brain protection ketone bodies post-translational modifications redox aging lipid catabolism necroptosis thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology Poised at the convergence of most catabolic and anabolic pathways, mitochondria are the center of heterotrophic aerobic life, representing a hub in the overall metabolic network of cells. The energetic functions performed by mitochondria face the unavoidable redox hurdle of handling huge amounts of oxygen while keeping its own as well as the cellular redox environment under control. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in the respiratory chain as a result of the energy supplying function of mitochondria. Originally considered an unavoidable by-product of oxidative phosphorylation, ROS have become crucial signaling molecules when their levels are kept within physiological range. This occurs when their production and scavenging are balanced within mitochondria and cells. Mitochondria-generated hydrogen peroxide can act as a signaling molecule within mitochondria or in the cytoplasm, affecting multiple networks that control, for example, cell cycle, stress response, cell migration and adhesion, energy metabolism, redox balance, cell contraction, and ion channels. However, under pathophysiological conditions, excessive ROS levels can happen due to either overproduction, overwhelming of antioxidant defenses, or both. Under oxidative stress, detrimental effects of ROS include oxidation of protein, lipids, and nucleic acids; mitochondrial depolarization and calcium overload; and cell-wide oscillations mediated by ROS-induced ROS release mechanisms. Mitochondrial dysfunction is central in the pathogenesis of numerous human maladies including cardiomyopathies and neurodegeneration. Diseases characterized by altered nutrient metabolism, such as diabetes and cancer, exhibit elevated ROS levels. These may contribute to pathogenesis by increasing DNA mutation, affecting regulatory signaling and transcription, and promoting inflammation. Under metabolic stress, several ionic channels present in the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes can have pro-life and -death effects. In the present E-book, based on the Frontiers Research Topic entitled: "Mitochondria: Hubs of cellular signaling, energetics and redox balance", we address one of the fundamental questions that the field of ROS biology faces today: how do mitochondria accomplish a reliable energy provision and at the same time keep ROS levels within physiological, non-harming, limits but crucial for cellular signaling function? Additionally, and within the perspective of mitochondria as signaling-energetic hubs in the extensive cellular metabolic network, we ask how can their collective dynamics scale from the subcellular to the cellular, tissue and organ levels to affect function in health and disease. 2021-02-11T19:47:44Z 2021-02-11T19:47:44Z 2017-10-13 14:57:01 2017 book 24043 16648714 9782889452392 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/53604 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Mitochondria_Hubs_of_Cellular_Signaling_Energetics_and_Redox_Balance/1282 http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/1809/mitochondria-hubs-of-cellular-signaling-energetics-and-redox-balance Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-239-2 10.3389/978-2-88945-239-2 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889452392 228 open access |
| spellingShingle | QP1-981 Q1-390 redox and energetic compartmentation light- and anesthetics-induced cardioprotection redox metabolism and signaling hypertrophic and diabetic cardiomyopathies skeletal-cardiac muscle and brain protection ketone bodies post-translational modifications redox aging lipid catabolism necroptosis thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology Amadou K. S. Camara Miguel A. Aon Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title | Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title_full | Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title_short | Mitochondria: Hubs of Cellular Signaling, Energetics and Redox Balance |
| title_sort | mitochondria hubs of cellular signaling energetics and redox balance |
| topic | QP1-981 Q1-390 redox and energetic compartmentation light- and anesthetics-induced cardioprotection redox metabolism and signaling hypertrophic and diabetic cardiomyopathies skeletal-cardiac muscle and brain protection ketone bodies post-translational modifications redox aging lipid catabolism necroptosis thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| topic_facet | QP1-981 Q1-390 redox and energetic compartmentation light- and anesthetics-induced cardioprotection redox metabolism and signaling hypertrophic and diabetic cardiomyopathies skeletal-cardiac muscle and brain protection ketone bodies post-translational modifications redox aging lipid catabolism necroptosis thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology |
| url | 24043 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amadoukscamara mitochondriahubsofcellularsignalingenergeticsandredoxbalance AT miguelaaon mitochondriahubsofcellularsignalingenergeticsandredoxbalance |