Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer
The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and non-autonomous retrotransposons, and mobilize by a “copy and paste” mechanism tha...
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| _version_ | 1869527762099765248 |
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| author | Jose Luis Garcia Perez Tammy A. Morrish |
| author_browse | Jose Luis Garcia Perez Tammy A. Morrish |
| author_facet | Jose Luis Garcia Perez Tammy A. Morrish |
| author_sort | Jose Luis Garcia Perez |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and non-autonomous retrotransposons, and mobilize by a “copy and paste” mechanism that relies of the presence of a functional reverse transcriptase activity. The extent to which these different types of elements are actively mobilizing varies among organisms, as revealed with the advent of Next Generation DNA sequencing (NGS).To understand the normal and aberrant mechanisms that impact the mobility of these elements requires a more extensive understanding of how these elements interact with molecular pathways of the cell, including DNA repair, recombination and chromatin. In addition, epigenetic based-mechanisms can also influence the mobility of these elements, likely by transcriptional activation or repression in certain cell types. Studies regarding how mobile genetic elements interface and evolve with these pathways will rely on genomic studies from various model organisms. In addition, the mechanistic details of how these elements are regulated will continue to be elucidated with the use of genetic, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and bioinformatic approaches. Remarkably, the current understanding regarding the biology of these elements in the human genome, suggests these elements may impact developmental biology, including cellular differentiation, neuronal development, and immune function. Thus, aberrant changes in these molecular pathways may also impact disease, including neuronal degeneration, autoimmunity, and cancer. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-53628 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-536282024-04-05T12:39:48Z Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer Jose Luis Garcia Perez Tammy A. Morrish QD1-999 QH301-705.5 Q1-390 transposon genome stability model organisms reverse transcriptase Mobile DNA RNA-dependent DNA polymerase cellular differentiation retrotransposon DNA repair thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry The human genome, as with the genome of most organisms, is comprised of various types of mobile genetic element derived repeats. Mobile genetic elements that mobilize by an RNA intermediate, include both autonomous and non-autonomous retrotransposons, and mobilize by a “copy and paste” mechanism that relies of the presence of a functional reverse transcriptase activity. The extent to which these different types of elements are actively mobilizing varies among organisms, as revealed with the advent of Next Generation DNA sequencing (NGS).To understand the normal and aberrant mechanisms that impact the mobility of these elements requires a more extensive understanding of how these elements interact with molecular pathways of the cell, including DNA repair, recombination and chromatin. In addition, epigenetic based-mechanisms can also influence the mobility of these elements, likely by transcriptional activation or repression in certain cell types. Studies regarding how mobile genetic elements interface and evolve with these pathways will rely on genomic studies from various model organisms. In addition, the mechanistic details of how these elements are regulated will continue to be elucidated with the use of genetic, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and bioinformatic approaches. Remarkably, the current understanding regarding the biology of these elements in the human genome, suggests these elements may impact developmental biology, including cellular differentiation, neuronal development, and immune function. Thus, aberrant changes in these molecular pathways may also impact disease, including neuronal degeneration, autoimmunity, and cancer. 2021-02-11T19:51:06Z 2021-02-11T19:51:06Z 2018-11-22 11:50:10 2018 book 29711 16648714 9782889453894 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/53628 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/3215/mobile-genetic-elements-in-cellular-differentiation-genome-stability-and-cancer#articles Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-389-4 10.3389/978-2-88945-389-4 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889453894 123 open access |
| spellingShingle | QD1-999 QH301-705.5 Q1-390 transposon genome stability model organisms reverse transcriptase Mobile DNA RNA-dependent DNA polymerase cellular differentiation retrotransposon DNA repair thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry Jose Luis Garcia Perez Tammy A. Morrish Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title | Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title_full | Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title_short | Mobile Genetic Elements in Cellular Differentiation, Genome Stability, and Cancer |
| title_sort | mobile genetic elements in cellular differentiation genome stability and cancer |
| topic | QD1-999 QH301-705.5 Q1-390 transposon genome stability model organisms reverse transcriptase Mobile DNA RNA-dependent DNA polymerase cellular differentiation retrotransposon DNA repair thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry |
| topic_facet | QD1-999 QH301-705.5 Q1-390 transposon genome stability model organisms reverse transcriptase Mobile DNA RNA-dependent DNA polymerase cellular differentiation retrotransposon DNA repair thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry |
| url | 29711 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joseluisgarciaperez mobilegeneticelementsincellulardifferentiationgenomestabilityandcancer AT tammyamorrish mobilegeneticelementsincellulardifferentiationgenomestabilityandcancer |