Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease
Natural antibodies (NAbs) are found in normal individuals in the absence of exogenous antigenic stimulation. Natural antibodies rapidly recognize and protect against pathogens that have not been previously encountered. NAbs also cross-react with several self-antigens, which, besides their role as a...
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| Formaat: | Online |
| Taal: | Engels |
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| _version_ | 1869525541698142208 |
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| author | Ana Maria Hernandez Nichol E. Holodick |
| author_browse | Ana Maria Hernandez Nichol E. Holodick |
| author_facet | Ana Maria Hernandez Nichol E. Holodick |
| author_sort | Ana Maria Hernandez |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Natural antibodies (NAbs) are found in normal individuals in the absence of exogenous antigenic stimulation. Natural antibodies rapidly recognize and protect against pathogens that have not been previously encountered. NAbs also cross-react with several self-antigens, which, besides their role as a first line of defense against pathogens, affords them the ability to perform important housekeeping functions in healthy organisms. Such housekeeping functions include the clearance of oxidized damaged structures and/or apoptotic cells, which prevents the induction of pro-inflammatory effects. In addition, NAbs play a role in preventing the expansion of specific auto-reactive clones, thereby behaving as regulatory elements in acute or chronic inflammation. To maintain the non-pathogenic balance between the dual pathogen/self-antigen cross-reactivities of NAbs, a strict regulation in NAb secretion and function is necessary to avoid autoimmune disease. Actually, some of the NAbs related auto-reactivities, such as anti-DNA and anti-MOG, have been associated with autoimmunity. Furthermore, NAbs have been shown to bind to ‘neo-self’ carbohydrate antigens on glycolipids and glycoproteins found on malignant but not normal cells, which suggests NAbs may take part in tumor immunosurveillance. Many aspects regarding NAbs have yet to be studied in more detail: the reactivity and function of NAbs in health and disease, the behavior of the NAb repertoire with increasing age, the regulation of natural antibody production and auto-reactivity, the ways to specifically activate NAbs producing cells with desired specificities, the characteristics of human NAbs, among others. This special topics eBook consists of a number of articles exploring the cells that produce NAbs as well as the characteristics, function, specificity, and/or the role of natural antibodies in health and disease. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-54349 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-543492024-03-31T13:08:53Z Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease Ana Maria Hernandez Nichol E. Holodick R5-920 RC581-607 innate immunity immunoglobulin Antibodies B cells IgM natural antibodies B-1 cells thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Natural antibodies (NAbs) are found in normal individuals in the absence of exogenous antigenic stimulation. Natural antibodies rapidly recognize and protect against pathogens that have not been previously encountered. NAbs also cross-react with several self-antigens, which, besides their role as a first line of defense against pathogens, affords them the ability to perform important housekeeping functions in healthy organisms. Such housekeeping functions include the clearance of oxidized damaged structures and/or apoptotic cells, which prevents the induction of pro-inflammatory effects. In addition, NAbs play a role in preventing the expansion of specific auto-reactive clones, thereby behaving as regulatory elements in acute or chronic inflammation. To maintain the non-pathogenic balance between the dual pathogen/self-antigen cross-reactivities of NAbs, a strict regulation in NAb secretion and function is necessary to avoid autoimmune disease. Actually, some of the NAbs related auto-reactivities, such as anti-DNA and anti-MOG, have been associated with autoimmunity. Furthermore, NAbs have been shown to bind to ‘neo-self’ carbohydrate antigens on glycolipids and glycoproteins found on malignant but not normal cells, which suggests NAbs may take part in tumor immunosurveillance. Many aspects regarding NAbs have yet to be studied in more detail: the reactivity and function of NAbs in health and disease, the behavior of the NAb repertoire with increasing age, the regulation of natural antibody production and auto-reactivity, the ways to specifically activate NAbs producing cells with desired specificities, the characteristics of human NAbs, among others. This special topics eBook consists of a number of articles exploring the cells that produce NAbs as well as the characteristics, function, specificity, and/or the role of natural antibodies in health and disease. 2021-02-11T20:39:19Z 2021-02-11T20:39:19Z 2018-11-16 17:17:57 2018 book 29637 16648714 9782889454051 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/54349 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/3612/natural-antibodies-in-health-and-disease Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88945-405-1 10.3389/978-2-88945-405-1 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889454051 180 open access |
| spellingShingle | R5-920 RC581-607 innate immunity immunoglobulin Antibodies B cells IgM natural antibodies B-1 cells thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Ana Maria Hernandez Nichol E. Holodick Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title | Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title_full | Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title_fullStr | Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title_short | Natural Antibodies in Health and Disease |
| title_sort | natural antibodies in health and disease |
| topic | R5-920 RC581-607 innate immunity immunoglobulin Antibodies B cells IgM natural antibodies B-1 cells thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| topic_facet | R5-920 RC581-607 innate immunity immunoglobulin Antibodies B cells IgM natural antibodies B-1 cells thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| url | 29637 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anamariahernandez naturalantibodiesinhealthanddisease AT nicholeholodick naturalantibodiesinhealthanddisease |