The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Noninvasive brain stimulation (including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Current Brain Stimulation (TCS)) can be used both experimentally and therapeutically. In the experimental domain TMS can be applied in single pulses to depolarize a small population of neurons in a targ...
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Frontiers Media SA
2021
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| author | Lindsay M. Oberman Peter G. Enticott |
| author_browse | Lindsay M. Oberman Peter G. Enticott |
| author_facet | Lindsay M. Oberman Peter G. Enticott |
| author_sort | Lindsay M. Oberman |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Noninvasive brain stimulation (including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Current Brain Stimulation (TCS)) can be used both experimentally and therapeutically. In the experimental domain TMS can be applied in single pulses to depolarize a small population of neurons in a targeted brain region. This protocol can be used, for example, to map cortical motor outputs, study central motor conduction time, or evaluate the cortical silent period (a measure of intracortical inhibition) all of which are relevant to neurodevelopment. TMS can also be applied in pairs of pulses (paired pulse stimulation, ppTMS) where two pulses are presented in rapid succession to study intracortical inhibition and facilitation. Trains of repeated TMS (rTMS) pulses can be applied at various stimulation frequencies and patterns to modulate local cortical excitability beyond the duration of the stimulation itself. Depending on the parameters of stimulation the excitability can be either facilitated or suppressed. TCS (including Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), alternating current (tACS), and random noise current stimulation (tRNS) also have the potential to modulate cortical excitability and have also been used to study and modulate cortical activity in healthy and patient populations. The after-effects of rTMS and TCS are thought to be related to changes in efficacy (in either the positive or negative direction) of synaptic connections of the neurons being stimulated, thus these techniques have been used to study and modulate cortical plasticity mechanisms in a number of populations. Recently, researchers have begun to apply these techniques to the study of neurodevelopmental mechanisms as well as the pathophysiology and development of novel treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders. Though there is much promise, caution is warranted given the vulnerability of pediatric and clinical populations and the potential that these techniques have to modify circuit development in a cortex that is in a very dynamic state. This Research Topic hopes to provide an opportunity to share ideas across areas (human and animal researchers, clinicians and basic scientists). We are particularly interested in papers that address issues of choosing a protocol (intensity, frequency, location, coil geometry etc.), populations where noninvasive brain stimulation may have direct impact on diagnostics and treatment, as well as the safety and ethics of applying these techniques in pediatric populations. As many may not be aware of the potential and limitations of noninvasive brain stimulation and its use for research and treatment in this area, this Research Topic promises to have broad appeal. Submissions for all Frontiers article types are encouraged. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-58771 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media SA |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-587712024-04-05T12:36:29Z The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Lindsay M. Oberman Peter G. Enticott RC321-571 Q1-390 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation development Autism Spectrum Disorder Depression Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pediatric Stroke Safety transcranial direct current stimulation noninvasive brain stimulation pediatric thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Noninvasive brain stimulation (including Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Current Brain Stimulation (TCS)) can be used both experimentally and therapeutically. In the experimental domain TMS can be applied in single pulses to depolarize a small population of neurons in a targeted brain region. This protocol can be used, for example, to map cortical motor outputs, study central motor conduction time, or evaluate the cortical silent period (a measure of intracortical inhibition) all of which are relevant to neurodevelopment. TMS can also be applied in pairs of pulses (paired pulse stimulation, ppTMS) where two pulses are presented in rapid succession to study intracortical inhibition and facilitation. Trains of repeated TMS (rTMS) pulses can be applied at various stimulation frequencies and patterns to modulate local cortical excitability beyond the duration of the stimulation itself. Depending on the parameters of stimulation the excitability can be either facilitated or suppressed. TCS (including Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), alternating current (tACS), and random noise current stimulation (tRNS) also have the potential to modulate cortical excitability and have also been used to study and modulate cortical activity in healthy and patient populations. The after-effects of rTMS and TCS are thought to be related to changes in efficacy (in either the positive or negative direction) of synaptic connections of the neurons being stimulated, thus these techniques have been used to study and modulate cortical plasticity mechanisms in a number of populations. Recently, researchers have begun to apply these techniques to the study of neurodevelopmental mechanisms as well as the pathophysiology and development of novel treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders. Though there is much promise, caution is warranted given the vulnerability of pediatric and clinical populations and the potential that these techniques have to modify circuit development in a cortex that is in a very dynamic state. This Research Topic hopes to provide an opportunity to share ideas across areas (human and animal researchers, clinicians and basic scientists). We are particularly interested in papers that address issues of choosing a protocol (intensity, frequency, location, coil geometry etc.), populations where noninvasive brain stimulation may have direct impact on diagnostics and treatment, as well as the safety and ethics of applying these techniques in pediatric populations. As many may not be aware of the potential and limitations of noninvasive brain stimulation and its use for research and treatment in this area, this Research Topic promises to have broad appeal. Submissions for all Frontiers article types are encouraged. 2021-02-12T02:43:40Z 2021-02-12T02:43:40Z 2016-04-07 11:22:02 2015 book 18823 16648714 9782889196999 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/58771 eng Frontiers Research Topics image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International http://www.frontiersin.org/books/The_Safety_and_Efficacy_of_Noninvasive_Brain_Stimulation_in_Development_and_Neurodevelopmental_Diso/731#nogo http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/2344/the-safety-and-efficacy-of-noninvasive-brain-stimulation-in-development-and-neurodevelopmental-disor Frontiers Media SA 10.3389/978-2-88919-699-9 10.3389/978-2-88919-699-9 bf5ce210-e72e-4860-ba9b-c305640ff3ae 9782889196999 68 open access |
| spellingShingle | RC321-571 Q1-390 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation development Autism Spectrum Disorder Depression Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pediatric Stroke Safety transcranial direct current stimulation noninvasive brain stimulation pediatric thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences Lindsay M. Oberman Peter G. Enticott The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title | The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title_full | The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title_fullStr | The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title_short | The Safety and Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Development and Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| title_sort | safety and efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation in development and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| topic | RC321-571 Q1-390 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation development Autism Spectrum Disorder Depression Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pediatric Stroke Safety transcranial direct current stimulation noninvasive brain stimulation pediatric thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
| topic_facet | RC321-571 Q1-390 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation development Autism Spectrum Disorder Depression Neurodevelopmental Disorders Pediatric Stroke Safety transcranial direct current stimulation noninvasive brain stimulation pediatric thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences |
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