Legionella Contamination in Water Environment
Legionella spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. Water systems of large buildings, such as hospitals, hotels, and rental units are often contaminated by legionellae and various parameters such as physical, chemical, and microbial building water syste...
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| Format: | Online |
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Online Access: | ONIX_20220111_9783036506944_220 |
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| description | Legionella spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. Water systems of large buildings, such as hospitals, hotels, and rental units are often contaminated by legionellae and various parameters such as physical, chemical, and microbial building water system characteristics can influence Legionella occurrence. A range of physical and chemical disinfection methods have been proposed to control Legionella contamination; however, to date, the most effective procedures have not been defined. There is a need to survey legionellae in water systems to prevent legionellosis. Although the assessment of L. pneumophila in water is typically performed by culture isolation on selective media, it has several limits. For this reason, alternative tools for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of Legionella in water samples have been proposed. In order to increase knowledge on different aspects of Legionella contamination in the water environment, this book gathers research studies related to the occurrence of Legionella in water systems of different environments; the role of different factors that can influence the Legionella contamination, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methodological approaches. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-76484 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-764842024-03-28T03:33:10Z Legionella Contamination in Water Environment Bonetta, Silvia Bonetta, Sara WTP 828 Legionella risk assessment plan water quality microbial analysis chemical analysis distal site positivity hot water return line chlorine HPC temperature water management free-living amoebae biological biocide cooling towers Legionella pneumophila protozoa Vermamoeba Acanthamoeba potable water hospital water water disinfection legionellosis Dental unit waterlines Legionella spp. risk management disinfection SBT molecular diversity hotels Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) Surgical Handwashing Outlets (SHWOs) sensor-activated faucets free-living amoebae (FLA) virulence genes Willaertia magna C2c Maky culture media environmental monitoring quality control first draw second draw biofilm whole genome sequencing premise plumbing systems Legiolert ISO 11731 plate culture potable water samples flint copper PEX iron premise plumbing Legionnaires’ disease culture BCYE and GVPC media MLVA-genotypes clonal complex West Bank non-tuberculous mycobacteria Pseudomonas Acinetobacter amoebae PVC drinking water ecotype groundwater environmental factors magnesium niche n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Legionella spp. are ubiquitous microorganisms that are widely distributed in aquatic environments. Water systems of large buildings, such as hospitals, hotels, and rental units are often contaminated by legionellae and various parameters such as physical, chemical, and microbial building water system characteristics can influence Legionella occurrence. A range of physical and chemical disinfection methods have been proposed to control Legionella contamination; however, to date, the most effective procedures have not been defined. There is a need to survey legionellae in water systems to prevent legionellosis. Although the assessment of L. pneumophila in water is typically performed by culture isolation on selective media, it has several limits. For this reason, alternative tools for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of Legionella in water samples have been proposed. In order to increase knowledge on different aspects of Legionella contamination in the water environment, this book gathers research studies related to the occurrence of Legionella in water systems of different environments; the role of different factors that can influence the Legionella contamination, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methodological approaches. 2022-01-11T13:33:13Z 2022-01-11T13:33:13Z 2021 book ONIX_20220111_9783036506944_220 9783036506944 9783036506951 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76484 eng image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/3930 https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/3930 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-0365-0695-1 10.3390/books978-3-0365-0695-1 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783036506944 9783036506951 298 Basel, Switzerland open access |
| spellingShingle | WTP 828 Legionella risk assessment plan water quality microbial analysis chemical analysis distal site positivity hot water return line chlorine HPC temperature water management free-living amoebae biological biocide cooling towers Legionella pneumophila protozoa Vermamoeba Acanthamoeba potable water hospital water water disinfection legionellosis Dental unit waterlines Legionella spp. risk management disinfection SBT molecular diversity hotels Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) Surgical Handwashing Outlets (SHWOs) sensor-activated faucets free-living amoebae (FLA) virulence genes Willaertia magna C2c Maky culture media environmental monitoring quality control first draw second draw biofilm whole genome sequencing premise plumbing systems Legiolert ISO 11731 plate culture potable water samples flint copper PEX iron premise plumbing Legionnaires’ disease culture BCYE and GVPC media MLVA-genotypes clonal complex West Bank non-tuberculous mycobacteria Pseudomonas Acinetobacter amoebae PVC drinking water ecotype groundwater environmental factors magnesium niche n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title | Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title_full | Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title_fullStr | Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title_short | Legionella Contamination in Water Environment |
| title_sort | legionella contamination in water environment |
| topic | WTP 828 Legionella risk assessment plan water quality microbial analysis chemical analysis distal site positivity hot water return line chlorine HPC temperature water management free-living amoebae biological biocide cooling towers Legionella pneumophila protozoa Vermamoeba Acanthamoeba potable water hospital water water disinfection legionellosis Dental unit waterlines Legionella spp. risk management disinfection SBT molecular diversity hotels Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) Surgical Handwashing Outlets (SHWOs) sensor-activated faucets free-living amoebae (FLA) virulence genes Willaertia magna C2c Maky culture media environmental monitoring quality control first draw second draw biofilm whole genome sequencing premise plumbing systems Legiolert ISO 11731 plate culture potable water samples flint copper PEX iron premise plumbing Legionnaires’ disease culture BCYE and GVPC media MLVA-genotypes clonal complex West Bank non-tuberculous mycobacteria Pseudomonas Acinetobacter amoebae PVC drinking water ecotype groundwater environmental factors magnesium niche n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| topic_facet | WTP 828 Legionella risk assessment plan water quality microbial analysis chemical analysis distal site positivity hot water return line chlorine HPC temperature water management free-living amoebae biological biocide cooling towers Legionella pneumophila protozoa Vermamoeba Acanthamoeba potable water hospital water water disinfection legionellosis Dental unit waterlines Legionella spp. risk management disinfection SBT molecular diversity hotels Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) Surgical Handwashing Outlets (SHWOs) sensor-activated faucets free-living amoebae (FLA) virulence genes Willaertia magna C2c Maky culture media environmental monitoring quality control first draw second draw biofilm whole genome sequencing premise plumbing systems Legiolert ISO 11731 plate culture potable water samples flint copper PEX iron premise plumbing Legionnaires’ disease culture BCYE and GVPC media MLVA-genotypes clonal complex West Bank non-tuberculous mycobacteria Pseudomonas Acinetobacter amoebae PVC drinking water ecotype groundwater environmental factors magnesium niche n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| url | ONIX_20220111_9783036506944_220 |