Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems
Extreme climatic events, such as intense and prolonged droughts and heat waves, are occurring with increasing frequency and with pronounced impacts on forests. Forest trees, as long-lived organisms, need to develop adaptation mechanisms to successfully respond to such climatic extremes. Whether phys...
I tiakina i:
| Hōputu: | Online |
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| Reo: | Ingarihi |
| I whakaputaina: |
MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Ngā marau: | |
| Urunga tuihono: | ONIX_20220111_9783036527505_988 |
| Ngā Tūtohu: |
Kāore He Tūtohu, Me noho koe te mea tuatahi ki te tūtohu i tēnei pūkete!
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| _version_ | 1869520998805536768 |
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| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Extreme climatic events, such as intense and prolonged droughts and heat waves, are occurring with increasing frequency and with pronounced impacts on forests. Forest trees, as long-lived organisms, need to develop adaptation mechanisms to successfully respond to such climatic extremes. Whether physiological adaptations on the tree level result in ecophysiological responses that ensure plasticity of forest ecosystems to climate change is currently in the core forest research. Within this Special Issue, forest species’ responses to climatic variability were reported from diverse climatic zones and ecosystem types: from near-desert mountains in western USA to tropical forests in central America and Asia, and from Mediterranean ecosystems to temperate European forests. The clear effects of constraints related to climate change were evidenced on the tree level, such as in differentiated gene expression, metabolite abundance, sap flow rates, photosynthetic performance, seed germination, survival and growth, while on the ecosystem level, tree line shifts, temporal shifts in allocation of resources and species shifts were identified. Experimental schemes such as common gardens and provenance trails also provided long-term indications on the tolerance of forest species against drought and warming and serve to evaluate their performance under the predicted climate in near future. These findings enhance our knowledge on the potential resilience of forest species and ecosystems to climate change and provide an updated basis for continuing research on this topic. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-77157 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-771572024-03-28T03:30:56Z Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems Fotelli, Mariangela Cedrela odorata seeds germination cardinal temperatures thermal time climate change dendrochronology ecology moving window analysis Pinaceae Pinus arizonica Engelm. Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) Ponderosae response function tree rings global climate change forest ecology trees adaptation phenotypic plasticity Phoebe bournei nitrogen carbon dioxide photosynthesis leaf anatomy National Park tree line shift acclimation adaptation common garden drought ecodistance mortality stomatal frequency stomatal size sap flux radial profile sapwood depth Aleppo pine diurnal variation seasonal variation climate basal area increment forest dieback Mediterranean forest stem growth water availability Quercus morphology evaluation survival rate extreme frost heat and drought open-top chamber RNA sequencing gene expression analysis Populus n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics Extreme climatic events, such as intense and prolonged droughts and heat waves, are occurring with increasing frequency and with pronounced impacts on forests. Forest trees, as long-lived organisms, need to develop adaptation mechanisms to successfully respond to such climatic extremes. Whether physiological adaptations on the tree level result in ecophysiological responses that ensure plasticity of forest ecosystems to climate change is currently in the core forest research. Within this Special Issue, forest species’ responses to climatic variability were reported from diverse climatic zones and ecosystem types: from near-desert mountains in western USA to tropical forests in central America and Asia, and from Mediterranean ecosystems to temperate European forests. The clear effects of constraints related to climate change were evidenced on the tree level, such as in differentiated gene expression, metabolite abundance, sap flow rates, photosynthetic performance, seed germination, survival and growth, while on the ecosystem level, tree line shifts, temporal shifts in allocation of resources and species shifts were identified. Experimental schemes such as common gardens and provenance trails also provided long-term indications on the tolerance of forest species against drought and warming and serve to evaluate their performance under the predicted climate in near future. These findings enhance our knowledge on the potential resilience of forest species and ecosystems to climate change and provide an updated basis for continuing research on this topic. 2022-01-11T13:54:11Z 2022-01-11T13:54:11Z 2021 book ONIX_20220111_9783036527505_988 9783036527505 9783036527512 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/77157 eng image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4775 https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4775 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-0365-2751-2 10.3390/books978-3-0365-2751-2 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783036527505 9783036527512 172 Basel, Switzerland open access |
| spellingShingle | Cedrela odorata seeds germination cardinal temperatures thermal time climate change dendrochronology ecology moving window analysis Pinaceae Pinus arizonica Engelm. Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) Ponderosae response function tree rings global climate change forest ecology trees adaptation phenotypic plasticity Phoebe bournei nitrogen carbon dioxide photosynthesis leaf anatomy National Park tree line shift acclimation adaptation common garden drought ecodistance mortality stomatal frequency stomatal size sap flux radial profile sapwood depth Aleppo pine diurnal variation seasonal variation climate basal area increment forest dieback Mediterranean forest stem growth water availability Quercus morphology evaluation survival rate extreme frost heat and drought open-top chamber RNA sequencing gene expression analysis Populus n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title | Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title_full | Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title_short | Impacts of Climate Change on Tree Physiology and Responses of Forest Ecosystems |
| title_sort | impacts of climate change on tree physiology and responses of forest ecosystems |
| topic | Cedrela odorata seeds germination cardinal temperatures thermal time climate change dendrochronology ecology moving window analysis Pinaceae Pinus arizonica Engelm. Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) Ponderosae response function tree rings global climate change forest ecology trees adaptation phenotypic plasticity Phoebe bournei nitrogen carbon dioxide photosynthesis leaf anatomy National Park tree line shift acclimation adaptation common garden drought ecodistance mortality stomatal frequency stomatal size sap flux radial profile sapwood depth Aleppo pine diurnal variation seasonal variation climate basal area increment forest dieback Mediterranean forest stem growth water availability Quercus morphology evaluation survival rate extreme frost heat and drought open-top chamber RNA sequencing gene expression analysis Populus n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics |
| topic_facet | Cedrela odorata seeds germination cardinal temperatures thermal time climate change dendrochronology ecology moving window analysis Pinaceae Pinus arizonica Engelm. Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) Ponderosae response function tree rings global climate change forest ecology trees adaptation phenotypic plasticity Phoebe bournei nitrogen carbon dioxide photosynthesis leaf anatomy National Park tree line shift acclimation adaptation common garden drought ecodistance mortality stomatal frequency stomatal size sap flux radial profile sapwood depth Aleppo pine diurnal variation seasonal variation climate basal area increment forest dieback Mediterranean forest stem growth water availability Quercus morphology evaluation survival rate extreme frost heat and drought open-top chamber RNA sequencing gene expression analysis Populus n/a thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics |
| url | ONIX_20220111_9783036527505_988 |