Human Capital versus Basic Income
Latin America underwent two major transformations during the 2000s: the widespread election of left-leaning presidents (the so-called left turn) and the diffusion of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs)—innovative social programs that award regular stipends to poor families on the condition tha...
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| Format: | Online |
| Język: | angielski |
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University of Michigan Press
2022
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| Hasła przedmiotowe: | |
| Dostęp online: | ONIX_20220125_9780472902774_11 |
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| _version_ | 1869529157446139904 |
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| author | Borges, Fabian |
| author_browse | Borges, Fabian |
| author_facet | Borges, Fabian |
| author_sort | Borges, Fabian |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Latin America underwent two major transformations during the 2000s: the widespread election of left-leaning presidents (the so-called left turn) and the diffusion of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs)—innovative social programs that award regular stipends to poor families on the condition that their children attend school. Combining cross-national quantitative research covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research, Human Capital versus Basic Income: Ideology and Models for Anti-Poverty Programs in Latin America challenges the conventional wisdom that these two transformations were unrelated. In this book, author Fabián A. Borges demonstrates that this ideology greatly influenced both the adoption and design of CCTs. There were two distinct models of CCTs: a “human capital” model based on means-tested targeting and strict enforcement of program conditions, exemplified by the program launched by Mexico’s right, and a more universalistic “basic income” model with more permissive enforcement of conditionality, exemplified by Brazil’s program under Lula. These two models then spread across the region. Whereas right and center governments, with assistance from international financial institutions, enacted CCTs based on the human capital model, the left, with assistance from Brazil, enacted CCTs based on the basic income model. The existence of two distinct types of CCTs and their relation to ideology is supported by quantitative analyses covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research in three countries. Left-wing governments operate CCTs that cover more people and spend more on those programs than their center or right-wing counterparts. Beyond coverage, a subsequent analysis of the 10 national programs adopted after Lula’s embrace of CCTs confirms that program design—evaluated in terms of scope of the target population, strictness of conditionality enforcement, and stipend structure—is shaped by government ideology. This finding is then fleshed out through case studies of the political processes that culminated in the adoption of basic income CCTs by left-wing governments in Argentina and Bolivia and a human capital CCT by a centrist president in Costa Rica. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-78020 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | University of Michigan Press |
| publisherStr | University of Michigan Press |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-780202025-07-30T11:56:29Z Human Capital versus Basic Income Borges, Fabian Conditional Cash Transfers CCTs social policy anti-poverty programs Latin America, Latin American politics thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements Latin America underwent two major transformations during the 2000s: the widespread election of left-leaning presidents (the so-called left turn) and the diffusion of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs)—innovative social programs that award regular stipends to poor families on the condition that their children attend school. Combining cross-national quantitative research covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research, Human Capital versus Basic Income: Ideology and Models for Anti-Poverty Programs in Latin America challenges the conventional wisdom that these two transformations were unrelated. In this book, author Fabián A. Borges demonstrates that this ideology greatly influenced both the adoption and design of CCTs. There were two distinct models of CCTs: a “human capital” model based on means-tested targeting and strict enforcement of program conditions, exemplified by the program launched by Mexico’s right, and a more universalistic “basic income” model with more permissive enforcement of conditionality, exemplified by Brazil’s program under Lula. These two models then spread across the region. Whereas right and center governments, with assistance from international financial institutions, enacted CCTs based on the human capital model, the left, with assistance from Brazil, enacted CCTs based on the basic income model. The existence of two distinct types of CCTs and their relation to ideology is supported by quantitative analyses covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research in three countries. Left-wing governments operate CCTs that cover more people and spend more on those programs than their center or right-wing counterparts. Beyond coverage, a subsequent analysis of the 10 national programs adopted after Lula’s embrace of CCTs confirms that program design—evaluated in terms of scope of the target population, strictness of conditionality enforcement, and stipend structure—is shaped by government ideology. This finding is then fleshed out through case studies of the political processes that culminated in the adoption of basic income CCTs by left-wing governments in Argentina and Bolivia and a human capital CCT by a centrist president in Costa Rica. 2022-01-26T06:00:07Z 2022-01-26T06:00:07Z 2022-01-25T10:35:33Z 2022 book ONIX_20220125_9780472902774_11 ONIX_20220125_9780472902774_11 OCN: 1285295990 https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/52580 9780472902774 9780472132928 9780472038978 9780472129805 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/78020 eng open access image/jpeg image/jpeg image/jpeg image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/52580/1/9780472902774.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/52580/1/9780472902774.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/52580/1/9780472902774.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/52580/1/9780472902774.pdf University of Michigan Press University of Michigan Press 10.3998/mpub.12001219 10.3998/mpub.12001219 b7359529-e5f7-4510-a59f-d7dafa1d4d17 9780472902774 9780472132928 9780472038978 9780472129805 University of Michigan Press 288 open access |
| spellingShingle | Conditional Cash Transfers CCTs social policy anti-poverty programs Latin America, Latin American politics thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements Borges, Fabian Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title | Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title_full | Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title_fullStr | Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title_short | Human Capital versus Basic Income |
| title_sort | human capital versus basic income |
| topic | Conditional Cash Transfers CCTs social policy anti-poverty programs Latin America, Latin American politics thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements |
| topic_facet | Conditional Cash Transfers CCTs social policy anti-poverty programs Latin America, Latin American politics thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements |
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