The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity
This Special Issue gathers original studies (eight articles and one review) that aim to improve our knowledge concerning mycotoxin toxicity. The most recent research concerning the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) and the immune response is presented in a review that aims to explore the immunotoxicity pr...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Online Access: | ONIX_20220224_9783036530291_135 |
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| description | This Special Issue gathers original studies (eight articles and one review) that aim to improve our knowledge concerning mycotoxin toxicity. The most recent research concerning the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) and the immune response is presented in a review that aims to explore the immunotoxicity produced by ZEA on different types of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs, and also to identify the mechanism of action used by ZEA to modulate the immune response. The role of zearalenone in macrophage-mediated innate immunity after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was the subject of another study, suggesting that the intake of ZEA-contaminated food might result in decreasing innate immunity. Another important study related to the co-exposure to mycotoxins and other food/feed contaminants showed that combining patulin with cadmium induces enhanced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, while the exposure to both deoxynivalenol and porcine circovirus has an additive effect on inflammatory cytokines by inducing the mRNA expression of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukine-6 (IL-6). The use of feed compounds rich in bioactive constituents for mitigating the mycotoxins effects in swine was the subject of other three studies herein, which have shown the efficacy of antioxidants from dietary grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal waste to decrease the toxicity of a diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 or both aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A at the level of organs involved in the metabolism and excretion (liver and kidney), as well as at the level of secondary lymphoid organs (mesenteric lymph nodes). The use of different models (cell co-culture model, rat model) are recommended by another two studies in order to evaluate the ochratoxin A toxicity or for better prediction of the mycotoxins risk for human cancer. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-78838 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
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| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-788382024-03-28T03:31:27Z The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity Marin, Daniela Eliza Taranu, Ionelia aflatoxin B1 grape seed meal mesenteric lymph nodes piglets antioxidant effect feed additives mycotoxins CYPs gene expression vimentin CD10 MNF 116 renal cell cancer urothelial cancer testicular cancer immunohistochemistry ochratoxin A cell culture energy metabolism apoptosis-necrosis balance mitochondria patulin cadmium synergistic toxicity oxidative stress JNK1 p53 zearalenone metabolites innate immunity cell immunity humoral immunity deoxynivalenol PCV2 IL-1β IL-6 MAPK mycotoxin NLRP3 inflammasome macrophages CYPs protein expression CYPs enzyme activity thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes This Special Issue gathers original studies (eight articles and one review) that aim to improve our knowledge concerning mycotoxin toxicity. The most recent research concerning the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) and the immune response is presented in a review that aims to explore the immunotoxicity produced by ZEA on different types of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs, and also to identify the mechanism of action used by ZEA to modulate the immune response. The role of zearalenone in macrophage-mediated innate immunity after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was the subject of another study, suggesting that the intake of ZEA-contaminated food might result in decreasing innate immunity. Another important study related to the co-exposure to mycotoxins and other food/feed contaminants showed that combining patulin with cadmium induces enhanced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, while the exposure to both deoxynivalenol and porcine circovirus has an additive effect on inflammatory cytokines by inducing the mRNA expression of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukine-6 (IL-6). The use of feed compounds rich in bioactive constituents for mitigating the mycotoxins effects in swine was the subject of other three studies herein, which have shown the efficacy of antioxidants from dietary grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal waste to decrease the toxicity of a diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 or both aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A at the level of organs involved in the metabolism and excretion (liver and kidney), as well as at the level of secondary lymphoid organs (mesenteric lymph nodes). The use of different models (cell co-culture model, rat model) are recommended by another two studies in order to evaluate the ochratoxin A toxicity or for better prediction of the mycotoxins risk for human cancer. 2022-02-24T10:38:16Z 2022-02-24T10:38:16Z 2022 book ONIX_20220224_9783036530291_135 9783036530291 9783036530284 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/78838 eng image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4932 https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4932 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-0365-3029-1 10.3390/books978-3-0365-3029-1 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783036530291 9783036530284 154 Basel open access |
| spellingShingle | aflatoxin B1 grape seed meal mesenteric lymph nodes piglets antioxidant effect feed additives mycotoxins CYPs gene expression vimentin CD10 MNF 116 renal cell cancer urothelial cancer testicular cancer immunohistochemistry ochratoxin A cell culture energy metabolism apoptosis-necrosis balance mitochondria patulin cadmium synergistic toxicity oxidative stress JNK1 p53 zearalenone metabolites innate immunity cell immunity humoral immunity deoxynivalenol PCV2 IL-1β IL-6 MAPK mycotoxin NLRP3 inflammasome macrophages CYPs protein expression CYPs enzyme activity thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title | The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title_full | The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title_short | The Effects of Mycotoxins on Human and Animal Health—a Special Focus on the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Mycotoxin Toxicity |
| title_sort | effects of mycotoxins on human and animal health a special focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for mycotoxin toxicity |
| topic | aflatoxin B1 grape seed meal mesenteric lymph nodes piglets antioxidant effect feed additives mycotoxins CYPs gene expression vimentin CD10 MNF 116 renal cell cancer urothelial cancer testicular cancer immunohistochemistry ochratoxin A cell culture energy metabolism apoptosis-necrosis balance mitochondria patulin cadmium synergistic toxicity oxidative stress JNK1 p53 zearalenone metabolites innate immunity cell immunity humoral immunity deoxynivalenol PCV2 IL-1β IL-6 MAPK mycotoxin NLRP3 inflammasome macrophages CYPs protein expression CYPs enzyme activity thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes |
| topic_facet | aflatoxin B1 grape seed meal mesenteric lymph nodes piglets antioxidant effect feed additives mycotoxins CYPs gene expression vimentin CD10 MNF 116 renal cell cancer urothelial cancer testicular cancer immunohistochemistry ochratoxin A cell culture energy metabolism apoptosis-necrosis balance mitochondria patulin cadmium synergistic toxicity oxidative stress JNK1 p53 zearalenone metabolites innate immunity cell immunity humoral immunity deoxynivalenol PCV2 IL-1β IL-6 MAPK mycotoxin NLRP3 inflammasome macrophages CYPs protein expression CYPs enzyme activity thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes |
| url | ONIX_20220224_9783036530291_135 |