Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique
Over the past decades, online hate speech against the Indigenous Sámi people has sharply proliferated, and in each Nordic country, it is now considered a problem requiring counter-measures and further study. This chapter employs Lynne Tirrell’s notion of toxic speech to examine anti-Sámi hate speech...
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| Format: | Online |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Taylor & Francis
2023
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| Online-Zugang: | https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/60507 |
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| author | Junka-Aikio, Laura |
| author_browse | Junka-Aikio, Laura |
| author_facet | Junka-Aikio, Laura |
| author_sort | Junka-Aikio, Laura |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Over the past decades, online hate speech against the Indigenous Sámi people has sharply proliferated, and in each Nordic country, it is now considered a problem requiring counter-measures and further study. This chapter employs Lynne Tirrell’s notion of toxic speech to examine anti-Sámi hate speech that is specific to the political terrain in Finland. There, such speech is particularly common in debates which centre on criticism of the Sámi Parliament, voiced mainly by popular movements which promote political self-Indigenization to gain access in the Sámi Parliament’s electoral register. Although these movements make explicit use of academic knowledge production and discourses which highlight Sámi cultural revitalization and recovery, the study shows how, on the level of popular rhetoric and in the social media, the same discourses are operationalized to purposefully undermine Sámi peoplehood and rights, to denigrate any individual or institution which is seen to defend such rights, and to disseminate pejorative representations of the Sámi. The chapter ends with a short exploration of possible reasons which explain why this form of toxic speech has so far been particularly impervious to criticism and public exposure. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-95749 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis |
| publisherStr | Taylor & Francis |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-957492025-08-13T13:42:18Z Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique Junka-Aikio, Laura Arctic, Sámi, indigenous, politics, free speech, identity, online, hate speech thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples Over the past decades, online hate speech against the Indigenous Sámi people has sharply proliferated, and in each Nordic country, it is now considered a problem requiring counter-measures and further study. This chapter employs Lynne Tirrell’s notion of toxic speech to examine anti-Sámi hate speech that is specific to the political terrain in Finland. There, such speech is particularly common in debates which centre on criticism of the Sámi Parliament, voiced mainly by popular movements which promote political self-Indigenization to gain access in the Sámi Parliament’s electoral register. Although these movements make explicit use of academic knowledge production and discourses which highlight Sámi cultural revitalization and recovery, the study shows how, on the level of popular rhetoric and in the social media, the same discourses are operationalized to purposefully undermine Sámi peoplehood and rights, to denigrate any individual or institution which is seen to defend such rights, and to disseminate pejorative representations of the Sámi. The chapter ends with a short exploration of possible reasons which explain why this form of toxic speech has so far been particularly impervious to criticism and public exposure. 2023-01-05T04:01:57Z 2023-01-05T04:01:57Z 2023-01-04T15:11:28Z 2022 chapter https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/60507 9780367458157 9781032263243 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/95749 eng open access image/jpeg image/jpeg image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/60507/1/9781003025511_10.4324_9781003025511-22.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/60507/1/9781003025511_10.4324_9781003025511-22.pdf https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/60507/1/9781003025511_10.4324_9781003025511-22.pdf Taylor & Francis Routledge 10.4324/9781003025511-22 10.4324/9781003025511-22 fa69b019-f4ee-4979-8d42-c6b6c476b5f0 The Sámi World 9780367458157 9781032263243 Routledge 19 open access |
| spellingShingle | Arctic, Sámi, indigenous, politics, free speech, identity, online, hate speech thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples Junka-Aikio, Laura Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title | Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title_full | Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title_fullStr | Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title_short | Chapter 19 Toxic speech, political self-Indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| title_sort | chapter 19 toxic speech political self indigenization and the ethics and politics of critique |
| topic | Arctic, Sámi, indigenous, politics, free speech, identity, online, hate speech thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples |
| topic_facet | Arctic, Sámi, indigenous, politics, free speech, identity, online, hate speech thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples |
| url | https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/60507 |
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