Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm
Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) outbreaks are a dominant natural disturbance in the forests of Canada and northeastern USA. Widespread, severe defoliation by this native insect results in large-scale mortality and growth reductions of spruce (Picea sp.) and balsam fir (Abies balsam...
সংরক্ষণ করুন:
| প্রধান লেখক: | |
|---|---|
| বিন্যাস: | Online |
| ভাষা: | ইংরেজি |
| প্রকাশিত: |
MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
|
| বিষয়গুলি: | |
| অনলাইন ব্যবহার করুন: | 43635 |
| ট্যাগগুলো: |
কোনো ট্যাগ নেই, প্রথমজন হিসাবে ট্যাগ করুন!
|
| _version_ | 1869519819508809728 |
|---|---|
| author | MacLean, David |
| author_browse | MacLean, David |
| author_facet | MacLean, David |
| author_sort | MacLean, David |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) outbreaks are a dominant natural disturbance in the forests of Canada and northeastern USA. Widespread, severe defoliation by this native insect results in large-scale mortality and growth reductions of spruce (Picea sp.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) forests, and largely determines future age–class structure and productivity. The last major spruce budworm outbreak defoliated over 58 million hectares in the 1970s–1980s, and caused 32–43 million m3/year of timber volume losses from 1978 to 1987, in Canada. Management to deal with spruce budworm outbreaks has emphasized forest protection, spraying registered insecticides to prevent defoliation and keep trees alive. Other tactics can include salvage harvesting, altering harvest schedules to remove the most susceptible stands, or reducing future susceptibility by planting or thinning. Chemical insecticides are no longer used, and protection strategies use biological insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) or tebufenozide, a specific insect growth regulator. Over the last five years, a $30 million research project has tested another possible management tactic, termed an ‘early intervention strategy’, aimed at area-wide management of spruce budworm populations. This includes intensive monitoring to detect ‘hot spots’ of rising budworm populations before defoliation occurs, targeted insecticide treatment to prevent spread, and detailed research into target and non-target insect effects. The objective of this Special Issue is to compile the most recent research on protection strategies against spruce budworm. A series of papers will describe results and prospects for the use of an early intervention strategy in spruce budworm and other insect management. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-57235 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-572352024-04-05T12:32:24Z Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm MacLean, David QH301-705.5 Q1-390 SD1-669.5 pheromone mating disruption spruce budworm insecticide application multi-spectral remote sensing simulation apparent fecundity Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) Pinaceae Choristoneura fumiferana circadian rhythm forest protection early intervention strategy insect population management moth survival Phialocephala scopiformis moths optimized treatment design spatial-temporal patterns monitoring modelling science communication decision support system population control area-wide management tortricidae insect susceptibility egg recruitment annual defoliation treatment threshold Maine dispersal growth rate forest pests Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) mixed effect models intertree variance endophytic fungi Acadian region insecticides defoliation Abies balsamea Picea glauca immigration defoliation prediction early intervention Quebec phenology aerobiology economic losses spatial autocorrelation foliage protection computable general equilibrium model economic and ecological cost: benefit analyses hardwood content plant tolerance Lepidoptera migration thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) outbreaks are a dominant natural disturbance in the forests of Canada and northeastern USA. Widespread, severe defoliation by this native insect results in large-scale mortality and growth reductions of spruce (Picea sp.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) forests, and largely determines future age–class structure and productivity. The last major spruce budworm outbreak defoliated over 58 million hectares in the 1970s–1980s, and caused 32–43 million m3/year of timber volume losses from 1978 to 1987, in Canada. Management to deal with spruce budworm outbreaks has emphasized forest protection, spraying registered insecticides to prevent defoliation and keep trees alive. Other tactics can include salvage harvesting, altering harvest schedules to remove the most susceptible stands, or reducing future susceptibility by planting or thinning. Chemical insecticides are no longer used, and protection strategies use biological insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) or tebufenozide, a specific insect growth regulator. Over the last five years, a $30 million research project has tested another possible management tactic, termed an ‘early intervention strategy’, aimed at area-wide management of spruce budworm populations. This includes intensive monitoring to detect ‘hot spots’ of rising budworm populations before defoliation occurs, targeted insecticide treatment to prevent spread, and detailed research into target and non-target insect effects. The objective of this Special Issue is to compile the most recent research on protection strategies against spruce budworm. A series of papers will describe results and prospects for the use of an early intervention strategy in spruce budworm and other insect management. 2021-02-12T00:15:04Z 2021-02-12T00:15:04Z 2020-01-30 16:39:46 2020 book 43635 9783039280971 9783039280964 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/57235 eng application/octet-stream Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1958 https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1958 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-03928-097-1 10.3390/books978-3-03928-097-1 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783039280971 9783039280964 220 open access |
| spellingShingle | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 SD1-669.5 pheromone mating disruption spruce budworm insecticide application multi-spectral remote sensing simulation apparent fecundity Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) Pinaceae Choristoneura fumiferana circadian rhythm forest protection early intervention strategy insect population management moth survival Phialocephala scopiformis moths optimized treatment design spatial-temporal patterns monitoring modelling science communication decision support system population control area-wide management tortricidae insect susceptibility egg recruitment annual defoliation treatment threshold Maine dispersal growth rate forest pests Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) mixed effect models intertree variance endophytic fungi Acadian region insecticides defoliation Abies balsamea Picea glauca immigration defoliation prediction early intervention Quebec phenology aerobiology economic losses spatial autocorrelation foliage protection computable general equilibrium model economic and ecological cost: benefit analyses hardwood content plant tolerance Lepidoptera migration thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences MacLean, David Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title | Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title_full | Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title_fullStr | Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title_short | Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm |
| title_sort | protection strategy against spruce budworm |
| topic | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 SD1-669.5 pheromone mating disruption spruce budworm insecticide application multi-spectral remote sensing simulation apparent fecundity Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) Pinaceae Choristoneura fumiferana circadian rhythm forest protection early intervention strategy insect population management moth survival Phialocephala scopiformis moths optimized treatment design spatial-temporal patterns monitoring modelling science communication decision support system population control area-wide management tortricidae insect susceptibility egg recruitment annual defoliation treatment threshold Maine dispersal growth rate forest pests Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) mixed effect models intertree variance endophytic fungi Acadian region insecticides defoliation Abies balsamea Picea glauca immigration defoliation prediction early intervention Quebec phenology aerobiology economic losses spatial autocorrelation foliage protection computable general equilibrium model economic and ecological cost: benefit analyses hardwood content plant tolerance Lepidoptera migration thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| topic_facet | QH301-705.5 Q1-390 SD1-669.5 pheromone mating disruption spruce budworm insecticide application multi-spectral remote sensing simulation apparent fecundity Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens) Pinaceae Choristoneura fumiferana circadian rhythm forest protection early intervention strategy insect population management moth survival Phialocephala scopiformis moths optimized treatment design spatial-temporal patterns monitoring modelling science communication decision support system population control area-wide management tortricidae insect susceptibility egg recruitment annual defoliation treatment threshold Maine dispersal growth rate forest pests Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) mixed effect models intertree variance endophytic fungi Acadian region insecticides defoliation Abies balsamea Picea glauca immigration defoliation prediction early intervention Quebec phenology aerobiology economic losses spatial autocorrelation foliage protection computable general equilibrium model economic and ecological cost: benefit analyses hardwood content plant tolerance Lepidoptera migration thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| url | 43635 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT macleandavid protectionstrategyagainstsprucebudworm |