Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms
The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely commo...
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022
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| Online Access: | ONIX_20220111_9783036523484_841 |
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| description | The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely common. The application of novel, sophisticated techniques, particularly related to imaging and molecular biology, has substantially advanced our understanding of the mechanisms controlling appetite and energy intake. This has led to a redefinition of many concepts, including the relative importance of central versus peripheral mechanisms, recognising that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly gut hormones, plays a critical role. Given the major advance in knowledge in the field, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of the GI mechanisms underlying the regulation of appetite and energy intake, as a series of definitive reviews by international authorities. The reviews address gut-related mechanisms, including nutrient sensing, gut hormones and GI motility, gut-brain communication, including the roles of the vagus and the modulation of reward perception, the roles of diet and the microbiota, as well as the abnormalities associated with eating disorders, specifically obesity and anorexia of ageing, and the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The reviews cover both preclinical research and studies in humans, and are complemented by a number of important original papers. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-77009 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-770092024-03-31T13:10:21Z Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms Feinle-Bisset, Christine Horowitz, Michael lixisenatide intragastric meal retention energy intake type 2 diabetes obesity amino acid isoleucine chronic supplementation energy expenditure oral glucose tolerance test glycaemic control gastric emptying breath test endocannabinoid cannabinoid CB1 receptor gut–brain intestine western diet preference whey protein gastric emptying appetite lifecourse gut hormones hunger protein TAS2R5 TAS2R39 TAS2R14 agonist food intake GLP1 CCK PYY miniature pig pig model functional brain imaging molecular imaging vagal afferents single fiber recording insulin resistance GLP-1r gastric barostat scintigraphy meal ingestion postprandial responses hedonic sensations homeostatic sensations abdominal wall activity abdominal distension taste fat carbohydrate bariatric surgery GLP-1 ghrelin Roux-en-Y gastric bypass gastric band sleeve gastrectomy circadian gastrointestinal tract enteroendocrine cells chemosensory GIP nutrients hormones food ingestion digestion satiety digestive well-being functional gastrointestinal disorders postprandial symptoms brainstem vagus feeding gastrointestinal cue reactivity meal anticipation motivation nutrient preference flavor aversion bile acids TGR-5 FXR gastrointestinal hormones body weight gastric accommodation satiation CB1 receptor gut-brain reward aging whey anorexia supplements sarcopenia nutrient sensing enteroendocrine cells (EECs) appetite regulation G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) bitter substances gastric motor function postprandial blood glucose preclinical studies human studies texture oro-sensory exposure sensory science cephalic responses brain areas brain stem weight management intestinal brake duodenal jejunal and ileal brake tastants circadian clock gastric bypass surgery microbiome hypothalamus n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing The prevalence of obesity and its comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and hepatic disease and certain cancers, continues to rise worldwide. Paradoxically, despite an increasingly obesogenic environment, particularly in Western societies, undernutrition is also extremely common. The application of novel, sophisticated techniques, particularly related to imaging and molecular biology, has substantially advanced our understanding of the mechanisms controlling appetite and energy intake. This has led to a redefinition of many concepts, including the relative importance of central versus peripheral mechanisms, recognising that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, particularly gut hormones, plays a critical role. Given the major advance in knowledge in the field, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive overview of the GI mechanisms underlying the regulation of appetite and energy intake, as a series of definitive reviews by international authorities. The reviews address gut-related mechanisms, including nutrient sensing, gut hormones and GI motility, gut-brain communication, including the roles of the vagus and the modulation of reward perception, the roles of diet and the microbiota, as well as the abnormalities associated with eating disorders, specifically obesity and anorexia of ageing, and the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. The reviews cover both preclinical research and studies in humans, and are complemented by a number of important original papers. 2022-01-11T13:49:10Z 2022-01-11T13:49:10Z 2021 book ONIX_20220111_9783036523484_841 9783036523484 9783036523477 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/77009 eng image/jpeg Attribution 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4619 https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/4619 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-0365-2347-7 10.3390/books978-3-0365-2347-7 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783036523484 9783036523477 454 Basel, Switzerland open access |
| spellingShingle | lixisenatide intragastric meal retention energy intake type 2 diabetes obesity amino acid isoleucine chronic supplementation energy expenditure oral glucose tolerance test glycaemic control gastric emptying breath test endocannabinoid cannabinoid CB1 receptor gut–brain intestine western diet preference whey protein gastric emptying appetite lifecourse gut hormones hunger protein TAS2R5 TAS2R39 TAS2R14 agonist food intake GLP1 CCK PYY miniature pig pig model functional brain imaging molecular imaging vagal afferents single fiber recording insulin resistance GLP-1r gastric barostat scintigraphy meal ingestion postprandial responses hedonic sensations homeostatic sensations abdominal wall activity abdominal distension taste fat carbohydrate bariatric surgery GLP-1 ghrelin Roux-en-Y gastric bypass gastric band sleeve gastrectomy circadian gastrointestinal tract enteroendocrine cells chemosensory GIP nutrients hormones food ingestion digestion satiety digestive well-being functional gastrointestinal disorders postprandial symptoms brainstem vagus feeding gastrointestinal cue reactivity meal anticipation motivation nutrient preference flavor aversion bile acids TGR-5 FXR gastrointestinal hormones body weight gastric accommodation satiation CB1 receptor gut-brain reward aging whey anorexia supplements sarcopenia nutrient sensing enteroendocrine cells (EECs) appetite regulation G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) bitter substances gastric motor function postprandial blood glucose preclinical studies human studies texture oro-sensory exposure sensory science cephalic responses brain areas brain stem weight management intestinal brake duodenal jejunal and ileal brake tastants circadian clock gastric bypass surgery microbiome hypothalamus n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title | Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title_full | Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title_short | Appetite and Satiety Control-Gut Mechanisms |
| title_sort | appetite and satiety control gut mechanisms |
| topic | lixisenatide intragastric meal retention energy intake type 2 diabetes obesity amino acid isoleucine chronic supplementation energy expenditure oral glucose tolerance test glycaemic control gastric emptying breath test endocannabinoid cannabinoid CB1 receptor gut–brain intestine western diet preference whey protein gastric emptying appetite lifecourse gut hormones hunger protein TAS2R5 TAS2R39 TAS2R14 agonist food intake GLP1 CCK PYY miniature pig pig model functional brain imaging molecular imaging vagal afferents single fiber recording insulin resistance GLP-1r gastric barostat scintigraphy meal ingestion postprandial responses hedonic sensations homeostatic sensations abdominal wall activity abdominal distension taste fat carbohydrate bariatric surgery GLP-1 ghrelin Roux-en-Y gastric bypass gastric band sleeve gastrectomy circadian gastrointestinal tract enteroendocrine cells chemosensory GIP nutrients hormones food ingestion digestion satiety digestive well-being functional gastrointestinal disorders postprandial symptoms brainstem vagus feeding gastrointestinal cue reactivity meal anticipation motivation nutrient preference flavor aversion bile acids TGR-5 FXR gastrointestinal hormones body weight gastric accommodation satiation CB1 receptor gut-brain reward aging whey anorexia supplements sarcopenia nutrient sensing enteroendocrine cells (EECs) appetite regulation G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) bitter substances gastric motor function postprandial blood glucose preclinical studies human studies texture oro-sensory exposure sensory science cephalic responses brain areas brain stem weight management intestinal brake duodenal jejunal and ileal brake tastants circadian clock gastric bypass surgery microbiome hypothalamus n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| topic_facet | lixisenatide intragastric meal retention energy intake type 2 diabetes obesity amino acid isoleucine chronic supplementation energy expenditure oral glucose tolerance test glycaemic control gastric emptying breath test endocannabinoid cannabinoid CB1 receptor gut–brain intestine western diet preference whey protein gastric emptying appetite lifecourse gut hormones hunger protein TAS2R5 TAS2R39 TAS2R14 agonist food intake GLP1 CCK PYY miniature pig pig model functional brain imaging molecular imaging vagal afferents single fiber recording insulin resistance GLP-1r gastric barostat scintigraphy meal ingestion postprandial responses hedonic sensations homeostatic sensations abdominal wall activity abdominal distension taste fat carbohydrate bariatric surgery GLP-1 ghrelin Roux-en-Y gastric bypass gastric band sleeve gastrectomy circadian gastrointestinal tract enteroendocrine cells chemosensory GIP nutrients hormones food ingestion digestion satiety digestive well-being functional gastrointestinal disorders postprandial symptoms brainstem vagus feeding gastrointestinal cue reactivity meal anticipation motivation nutrient preference flavor aversion bile acids TGR-5 FXR gastrointestinal hormones body weight gastric accommodation satiation CB1 receptor gut-brain reward aging whey anorexia supplements sarcopenia nutrient sensing enteroendocrine cells (EECs) appetite regulation G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) bitter substances gastric motor function postprandial blood glucose preclinical studies human studies texture oro-sensory exposure sensory science cephalic responses brain areas brain stem weight management intestinal brake duodenal jejunal and ileal brake tastants circadian clock gastric bypass surgery microbiome hypothalamus n/a thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing |
| url | ONIX_20220111_9783036523484_841 |