Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration
Hardwood-dominated temperate forests (mostly in Eastern North America, Europe, North East Asia) provide valuable renewable timber and numerous ecosystem services. Many of these forests have been subjected to harvesting or conversion to agriculture, sometimes over centuries, that have greatly reduced...
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2021
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| Առցանց հասանելիություն: | 35954 |
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Չկան պիտակներ, Եղեք առաջինը, ով նշում է այս գրառումը!
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| _version_ | 1869520733492740096 |
|---|---|
| author | Truax, Benoit Gagnon, Daniel |
| author_browse | Gagnon, Daniel Truax, Benoit |
| author_facet | Truax, Benoit Gagnon, Daniel |
| author_sort | Truax, Benoit |
| collection | Directory of Open Access Books |
| description | Hardwood-dominated temperate forests (mostly in Eastern North America, Europe, North East Asia) provide valuable renewable timber and numerous ecosystem services. Many of these forests have been subjected to harvesting or conversion to agriculture, sometimes over centuries, that have greatly reduced their former extent and diversity. Natural regeneration following harvesting or during post-agricultural succession has often failed to restore these forests adequately. Past harvesting practices and the valuable timber of some species have led to a reduction in their abundance. The loss of apex predators has caused herbivore populations to increase and exert intense browsing pressure on hardwood regeneration, often preventing it. Particularly important are fruit, nut and acorn bearing species, because of their vital role in forest food webs and biodiversity. Restoring hardwood species to natural forests in which they were formerly more abundant will require a number of forest management actions (e.g., resistant hybrids, deer exclosures/protectors, enrichment planting, underplanting, etc.). Similarly, reforesting areas that were once natural forests will also require new silvicultural knowledge. Global warming trends will intensify the need for interventions to maintain the diversity and function of temperate hardwood forests, as well as for increase hardwood reforestation. |
| format | Online |
| id | doab-20.500.12854ir-49115 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Books |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| publisherStr | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | ojs |
| spelling | doab-20.500.12854ir-491152024-04-05T12:32:35Z Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration Truax, Benoit Gagnon, Daniel QH301-705.5 QH540-549.5 Q1-390 Fagaceae species soil disturbance non-timber forest products precision restoration protected landscape area tree selection cultural diversity Quercus rubra hardwood restoration enrichment planting sub-tropical hardwoods agroforestry herbicide effects biological diversity competition Juglans nigra L. understorey invasive plants wildfire forest restoration Quercus macrocarpa riparian forest restoration vegetation management assisted migration sugar maple deer browsing species composition tolerance phosphorus growth efficiency index floristic quality index shelterwood Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch monitoring indicators seed predation Bioclimatic niche non-parametric correlation unmanaged forest Native Americans abandoned agricultural field native mixed forests tree vigor forest diversity predation weed control nitrate facilitation inventory hardwoods Mexican tree species yellow birch tree plantation seedling establishment deer abundance avian guilds Pinus strobus L. Central Hardwood Forest region Pinus strobus Durango MaxEnt Juglans nigra oak regeneration forest regeneration Quercus rubra L. deer herbivory ecosystem services tree shelter thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Hardwood-dominated temperate forests (mostly in Eastern North America, Europe, North East Asia) provide valuable renewable timber and numerous ecosystem services. Many of these forests have been subjected to harvesting or conversion to agriculture, sometimes over centuries, that have greatly reduced their former extent and diversity. Natural regeneration following harvesting or during post-agricultural succession has often failed to restore these forests adequately. Past harvesting practices and the valuable timber of some species have led to a reduction in their abundance. The loss of apex predators has caused herbivore populations to increase and exert intense browsing pressure on hardwood regeneration, often preventing it. Particularly important are fruit, nut and acorn bearing species, because of their vital role in forest food webs and biodiversity. Restoring hardwood species to natural forests in which they were formerly more abundant will require a number of forest management actions (e.g., resistant hybrids, deer exclosures/protectors, enrichment planting, underplanting, etc.). Similarly, reforesting areas that were once natural forests will also require new silvicultural knowledge. Global warming trends will intensify the need for interventions to maintain the diversity and function of temperate hardwood forests, as well as for increase hardwood reforestation. 2021-02-11T15:07:55Z 2021-02-11T15:07:55Z 2019-08-28 11:21:28 2019 book 35954 9783038977315 9783038977308 https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/49115 eng image/jpeg Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International https://mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/1269 MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 10.3390/books978-3-03897-731-5 10.3390/books978-3-03897-731-5 46cabcaa-dd94-4bfe-87b4-55023c1b36d0 9783038977315 9783038977308 192 open access |
| spellingShingle | QH301-705.5 QH540-549.5 Q1-390 Fagaceae species soil disturbance non-timber forest products precision restoration protected landscape area tree selection cultural diversity Quercus rubra hardwood restoration enrichment planting sub-tropical hardwoods agroforestry herbicide effects biological diversity competition Juglans nigra L. understorey invasive plants wildfire forest restoration Quercus macrocarpa riparian forest restoration vegetation management assisted migration sugar maple deer browsing species composition tolerance phosphorus growth efficiency index floristic quality index shelterwood Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch monitoring indicators seed predation Bioclimatic niche non-parametric correlation unmanaged forest Native Americans abandoned agricultural field native mixed forests tree vigor forest diversity predation weed control nitrate facilitation inventory hardwoods Mexican tree species yellow birch tree plantation seedling establishment deer abundance avian guilds Pinus strobus L. Central Hardwood Forest region Pinus strobus Durango MaxEnt Juglans nigra oak regeneration forest regeneration Quercus rubra L. deer herbivory ecosystem services tree shelter thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences Truax, Benoit Gagnon, Daniel Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title | Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title_full | Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title_fullStr | Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title_short | Hardwood Reforestation and Restoration |
| title_sort | hardwood reforestation and restoration |
| topic | QH301-705.5 QH540-549.5 Q1-390 Fagaceae species soil disturbance non-timber forest products precision restoration protected landscape area tree selection cultural diversity Quercus rubra hardwood restoration enrichment planting sub-tropical hardwoods agroforestry herbicide effects biological diversity competition Juglans nigra L. understorey invasive plants wildfire forest restoration Quercus macrocarpa riparian forest restoration vegetation management assisted migration sugar maple deer browsing species composition tolerance phosphorus growth efficiency index floristic quality index shelterwood Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch monitoring indicators seed predation Bioclimatic niche non-parametric correlation unmanaged forest Native Americans abandoned agricultural field native mixed forests tree vigor forest diversity predation weed control nitrate facilitation inventory hardwoods Mexican tree species yellow birch tree plantation seedling establishment deer abundance avian guilds Pinus strobus L. Central Hardwood Forest region Pinus strobus Durango MaxEnt Juglans nigra oak regeneration forest regeneration Quercus rubra L. deer herbivory ecosystem services tree shelter thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| topic_facet | QH301-705.5 QH540-549.5 Q1-390 Fagaceae species soil disturbance non-timber forest products precision restoration protected landscape area tree selection cultural diversity Quercus rubra hardwood restoration enrichment planting sub-tropical hardwoods agroforestry herbicide effects biological diversity competition Juglans nigra L. understorey invasive plants wildfire forest restoration Quercus macrocarpa riparian forest restoration vegetation management assisted migration sugar maple deer browsing species composition tolerance phosphorus growth efficiency index floristic quality index shelterwood Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch monitoring indicators seed predation Bioclimatic niche non-parametric correlation unmanaged forest Native Americans abandoned agricultural field native mixed forests tree vigor forest diversity predation weed control nitrate facilitation inventory hardwoods Mexican tree species yellow birch tree plantation seedling establishment deer abundance avian guilds Pinus strobus L. Central Hardwood Forest region Pinus strobus Durango MaxEnt Juglans nigra oak regeneration forest regeneration Quercus rubra L. deer herbivory ecosystem services tree shelter thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences |
| url | 35954 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT truaxbenoit hardwoodreforestationandrestoration AT gagnondaniel hardwoodreforestationandrestoration |